This paper was presented at a panel on Anthropological and Linguistic Perspectives on National Language Policies at the November meetings of the American Anthropological Association, San Francisco, November 15th, 2000. It has since been published in a volume edited by Li Wei, Jean-Marc Dewaele, and Alex Housen, entitled Opportunities and Challenges of Bilingualism. published in Contributions to the Sociology of Language.(87) 2002, pp. 89-104.