/introducing.the.internet/internet.resource.guide This document describes retrieving the INTERNET RESOURCE GUIDE via anonymous FTP from NNSC.NSF.NET. How to Get and Use the INTERNET RESOURCE GUIDE by FTP This README document contains, first, a discussion of the Internet Resource Guide, and then (for those who need them), nitty-gritty details about PostScript files, FTP, and the Unix commands "compress," "uncompress," and "tar." The Internet Resource Guide hierarchy is organized as follows. All FTP-able files are in the "resource-guide" directory. The individual entries are organized by chapter and section. Each chapter has its own directory, and each section has its own files, one for PostScript and one for plain text (ASCII). So, to retrieve both files for section 1.1 of chapter 1, you should use the "cd" (change directory) command to go to the appropriate "chapter.?" directory in the "resource-guide" directory, and then FTP the section files ftp> cd resource-guide/chapter.1 ftp> get section1-1.ps ftp> get section1-1.txt To simplify retrieval of entire chapters and chapter updates, or of the entire resource guide, we have put compressed tar files in the. "resource-guide" directory. The compressed tar files for the entire resource guide are resource-guide/resource-guide.ps.tar.Z (PostScript) resource-guide/resource-guide.txt.tar.Z (Text) The tar files for individual chapters include the recently updated sections; there is a file for PostScript versions and another file for text versions. resource-guide/chapter1-txt.tar.Z resource-guide/chapter1-ps.tar.Z The most recent changes to a chapter are in a file named chapter#-changes.tar.Z. These include the Postscript and text versions, only of the most recently updated sections. resource-guide/chapter1-changes.tar.Z Finally, there is a single compressed but not tarred Text file for the whole guide in the the resouce-guide directory. resource-guide/wholeguide.txt.Z * * * * * * NITTY-GRITTY INFORMATION ABOUT POSTSCRIPT, FTP, COMPRESS, AND TAR FILES (If you already know all this, just skip the rest of this message.) A NOTE ABOUT POSTSCRIPT DOCUMENTS PostScript is a formatting language used to prepare documents for printing on advanced printers such as Apple LaserWriters and ... . PostScript files contain ASCII characters only, but are virtually unreadable because the text of the document is interspersed with numerous formatting commands and numeric symbols for printers' characters that are not part of the ASCII character set. Do not attempt to print PostScript files unless you have a printer that is specifically designed for PostScript. HOW TO USE THE FTP COMMAND You can FTP the resource-guide files from nnsc.nsf.net with a standard anonymous FTP connection: ftp nnsc.nsf.net (If you are using the Unix operating system, the command "ftp" must be typed in lowercase letters. On other operating systems, it may be either uppercase or lowercase.) Important: If you plan to use anonymous FTP, please note that the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for NNSC.NSF.NET is now 128.89.1.178 only. If you have difficulty with the command "ftp nnsc.nsf.net" try using "ftp 128.89.1.178", instead. You will see a "banner" and be promted for your login: Connected to nnsc.nsf.net. 220 nnsc.nsf.net FTP server (Version 5.59 Mon May 14 13:48:21 EDT 1990) ready. Name (nnsc.nsf.net:yourname): You should type "anonymous", and then use the password "guest". The password will not be displayed on your terminal. Name (nnsc.nsf.net:yourname): anonymous Password (nnsc.nsf.net:anonymous): 331 Guest login ok, send ident as password. 230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply. ftp> To see the FTP commands that are available to you, type ? at the "ftp>" prompt. NOTE: Different operating systems have FTP commands with different banners and commands. Your FTP implementation may not look exactly like the one shown here, but it should have the same general functionality. 1) Type the "status" command to check your file type. ftp> status Connected to nnsc.nsf.net. Mode: stream; Type: ascii; Form: non-print; Structure: file Verbose: on; Bell: off; Prompting: on; Globbing: on Hash mark printing: off; Use of PORT cmds: on 2A) IF YOU INTEND TO FTP ORDINARY TEXT FILES, including files that end in ".txt" or ".ps", set your file type to ASCII. The ASCII setting is the same as TEXT. This is the default. Give the command ftp> type ascii 200 type set to A. 2B) IF YOU INTEND TO FTP NON-ASCII FILES, including compressed files that end in ".Z" or object files, set your file type to BINARY. The BINARY setting is the same as IMAGE. Give the command ftp> type binary 200 Type set to I. 3) Change directory to the "resource-guide" directory: ftp> cd resource-guide 4) To get a listing of all the files in the resource-guide directory, give the "dir" command (usually equivlent to the "ls -ls" command on Unix systems). ftp> dir */* ... -rw-rw-r-- 1 12889 nnsc 11882 May 29 02:38 chapter.1/section1-9.ps ... section1-9.ps is in the chapter.1 directory. Use the "cd" command again. ftp> cd chapter.1 ftp> get section1-9.ps HOW TO UNCOMPRESS AND EXTRACT THE tar.Z FILES Do not attempt to use the tar.Z files unless you have the Unix "compress" and "uncompress" commands and the "tar" command on your host computer, and your operating system is compatible with Berkeley Unix. 1) Use the "uncompress" command to replace the compressed "Z" file with a copy of the file as it was before "compress" was used: uncompress -v chapter1-ps.tar.Z chapter1-ps.tar.Z: -- replaced with chapter1.tar The result is "chapter1-ps.tar". 2) Use the "tar -xvf" to replace the tar file with the set of directories and files in the original file. tar -xvf chapter1.tar x copyright.ps, 5931 bytes, 12 tape blocks x copyright.txt, 945 bytes, 2 tape blocks etc. ... This creates a new directory, chapter.1, with the files copyright.ps copyright.txt intro.ps intro.txt section1-1.ps section1-1.txt etc. ... Then you throw away the files you don't want -- either the ".ps" files or the ".txt" files -- and print the files that remain. For more information about the action of these commands, consult the manual for your Unix system, or give the commands "man compress" and "man tar" for online documentation.