Introduction

A.The Textual Witnesses

I. The Greek Witnesses¹

¹For fuller information on the Greek manuscripts, see Rahlfs, Verzeichnis.

The Genesis edition is based on the following Mss, which have all been recollated by the LXX-Unternehmen:

1. Uncial manuscripts

A London, Brit. Mus., Royal 1 D.V. V. Century "codex Alexandrinus". The first four lines of both columns on p.1a (1,1-2 αβυσσο; 1,13-14 ουρανου) have been added by a later scribe. The text is complete except for 14,14 κατεδ]ιωξεν - 14,17 των 1° 15,1 πο]λυς - 15,5 fin 15,16 γενεα - 15,19 fin 16,6 σου 2° - 16,9 fin. The text has numerous erasures, of which most are of the first hand. In the apparatus only corrections of later hands are noted. In H.-P.: the ms is III.

B Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat.gr. 1209. IV.Century "codex Vaticanus". The actual codex starts at 46,28 πολιν εις γην. The lost text (1,1 - 46,28 καθ ηρωων) was added from a minuscule suppletor and is characterized in this edition B^s. B^s  has been copied from Ms.19. Omissions in 1,22 8,10-12 9,13-14 10,2-32a 24,30 25,12-18 27,34-35 30,15 31,33 41,21 41,30 42,22 43,13 43,27 43,32 are shown by þ*&, though the omitted text has not been copied in the margin. For the texts 50,10 και εποιηóεν - 50,11 πενθος αιγυπτου 50,13 εκει 50,14 - 50,17 αμαρτιαν 50,21 και παρεκαλεσεν - 50,24 πατρασιν B^s  refers to a restorer who has retraced the faded text of the original ms. In H.-P. the ms is II.

D London, Brit.Mus., Cotton. Otho B. VI. V.-VI Century Editions: C. Tischendorf, Monumenta sacra inedita. Nova collectio 2, Leipzig 1857; Fr.W.Gotch, A supplement to Tischendorf's Reliquiae ex incendio ereptae codicis celeberimi Cottoniani, London and Edinburgh 1881. The following passages have also been collated in Vetusta Monomenta, quae ad rerum Britannicarum memoriam conservandam Societas Antiquariorum Londoni sumptu suo edenda curavit. Vol.I, London 1747, the following pieces: 5,25-5,26 εζησε[ 5,28 οκτ]ω και - 5,29 ημων 2°  8,10-8,11 κεκοπα[ 11,9 ]εσπειρεν - πασ[ης 14,15 χωβαλ - 14,16fin 15,1-15,2 μασ[εκ 18,15 εγελασας 40,19 σου 1° - 40,20 εμν[ησθη 43,13-14 43,30 συνεσ]τρεφετο - 43,31 ενεκρατευσατο. The passages of Peiresc (Paris, Bibl. Nat., ms francais 9530, fol.29, 34 et 35) from the 17th Century are as follows: 1,13 εσπερα - 1,14 διαχω[ριζειν 18,24 - 18,26 σο[δομοις 43,16 θυματα - fin. These passages are from pages which have survived in part only in fragments.

The editions of Tischendorf and Gotch contain the text of the following parts: 1,14 16-19 26-28 2,24-3,5 4,1-2 4-5 18 25-26 5,1-10 18-26 28-29 6,11-15 7,1-5 11-16 8,1-6 8-11 9,15-23 14,4-7 9 12-13 15-17 29-32 12,1-6 7-8 10-11 13,12-18 14,1-3 13-20 22-24 15,1-4 15,11-17,10 18,3-13 15 24-30 32-33 19,1-26 30-33 (36) 37-38 20,1-3 21,4-30 22,2-18 22,22-23,11 13-20 24,1-7 20-22 30-39 52-67 25,1-9 25,11-26,9 18-20 32-34 27,6-7 25-34 36-38 27,41-28,2 4-6 8-14 16-22 29,1-3 18-20 25-29 30,1-3 16-20 31,26-35 31,55-32,2 16-21 26-31 33,8-15 17 19-20 34,4-11 14-23 26 34,28-35,15 36,2-30 37,3-7 14-30 38,6-12 20-21 26-30 39,1-40,15 40,19-41,41 46-49 56-57 42,1-23 42,35-43,3 5 7-11 13-14 30-34 44,5-16 44,31-45,1 5-10 17-21 27-28 46,34-47,2 4-7 19-22 48,1-2 5-9 15-17 49,1 9 13-18 23-27 49,21-50,2.

The following pieces have been collated on the basis of photographs: 1,14 init- της 5° 1,16 εποιη]σ(εν)-19 πρωι 1,26 κα(τ)-28(παντ[ων) 2° 2,24 προσκ]ολλ.-3,5 4,1 και 1°-2 αβελ 4,4 αυτος-5 θυσι[αις 4,18 init - ε[γεννησεν 3° 4,25 init - και[ν 5,1 βιβλο]ς - 8 π[ασαι 5,9 ετη εκ. - 10 γεννησαι 5,18-24 μετεθη[κεν 6,11 επλη]σθη - 15 τριακο[ντα 7,1-5 κς 7,11 ερ]ραγη(σαν) - 16 κς 8,1-7 κεκοπακε 8,8 περιστεραν - 9fin 9,15 κ(αι) 4° -23 και 4° 11,4 διασπα]ρη(ναι) - 5 των 11,6 χειλ]ος - 7 φω[νων 11,12 ε]τη - 13 κα[ι θυγ. 2° 11,15 γενν]ησαι - 17fin 11,29 κα(ι) 1° - 32 απεθα[ 12,1-6 12,7-8 12,10 τ]ης 1° - 11 γυναι[κι 13,12 κατωκησ]εν 1° - 14,4 (ε)δουλευον 14,13-16 λ[αον 14,17 συναν]τη(σεν) - 20 δεκ[ατην 14,22 σο]δο(μων) - 21 ουτοι 15,13-17,10 σε 18,3-13 18,24 τ]ω(ν) - 30 τρια[κοντα 2° 18,32 δεκα 1° - 33 (απ)εστρεψεν 19,1-26 19,36 αυτων 19,37-20,3 21,4-21 μη[τηρ 21,22 οις - 28 αμναδας 21,28 αβρ]ααμ - 30 αμν(α)δα[ 22,2 λαβε - 18 σπερ[ματι 22,22-23,20 24,20 εδραμ]εν - 22 αι 24,30 ανθρωπον - 39 πορε[υσεται 24,52 το]ν αβρααμ - 54 (εκ)οιμηθησαν 24,54 και 5° - [α]πη[λθεν 24,62-67 μητρος 2° 25,1-9 ισαα[κ 25,11-19 γ[ενεσεις 25,27 οικ]ων - 26,9 ισαακ κ[αι 26,18 το(υ) 1° - 20 (εμαχε)σα[ντο 27,25 και 4° - 34 (σφ)οδρ[α 27,41 πενθο]υς - 42 αυ[της 2° 27,43 χαρραν - 45 σου 1° 27,45 μεταπεμψο]μαι - 28,2 θυ[γατερων 28,4 παροικησ(εως) - 6 θυ[γατερων 28,8 ι]δεν - 14 θαλασσ[αν 28,16 τ(ουτω) - 22 σο[ι 1° 29,1-3 (φρ)ε(ατ)ο[ς 29,18 νεωτερα(ς) - 20 αγαπ[αν 29,25-29 λαβαν 30,1 τω 1° - 3 εγω 30,16-20 ερετ[ιει 31,26-35 31,55 και 3° - 32,1 την 32,1 παρε]μβο(λην) - 2 (εκαλ)εσεν 32,16 ειπεν - 21 ν[υκτα 32,26 αυτ]ω - 31 (αυ)το[ς 33,8-15 δε ε[ιπεν 33,17 τοι]ς - fin 33,19 την 2° - 20 θ[εον 34,4-11 εναντιον 34,14 υιοι - 17 εισακουση[τε 34,18 του - 23 ομοιωθησομε[θα 34,26 μαχαιρα]ς - κ[αι 3° 34,27 εμ(ι)αν(αν) - 29 ο[ικιαις 34,30 αρι]θμω - 35,4 η[μερας 35,5 σικιμ]ων - 14 εστη[σεν 35,14 αυ]του - 15ς 36,1-2 (αιδ)ωμ 36,2 ευαιου - 11 εγε[νοντο 36,12-30 ηγε[μονιαις 37,3 ε]ποιησεν - 7 δ[εσμευειν 37,14 και 3° - 30 ο[υκ 38,6-12 και 3° 38,20 απεστειλ]εν - 21 fin 38,26 δεδι]καιωται - 40,15 του[του 40,21 - 41,4 εκλεκτας 41,4 ηγερθη - 7 και τους 41,7 ενυ]πνιον - 22 ωσ[περ 41,30 λιμος - 41 ιωσηφ 41,46 εναν]τιον - 49 fin 41,56 προσω]πον - 42,23 fin 42,35 και 1° - 43,5 νεωτερος 43,7 αδελ]φος - 11 τ[ερεμινθον 43,32 εαυ]τους - 34 fin 44,5 μ]ου - 10 εσεσθαι 44,11 αυτο[υ 2° - 16 την 44,32 παι(ς) - 45,1 μου 45,5 λυπει]σθε - 16 υιοι 1° 45,17 γεμισατ]ε - 21 εποιησα[ν 45,27 απεστειλ]εν - 28 fin 46,34 τ]ου - 47,2 εστησεν 47,4 ενισχυ]σ(εν) - 7 fin 47,19 κ(αι) 2° - 22 ιερε[ων 48.1-2 απηγ[γελη 48,5 οι 2° - 9 (ι)ωσηφ 48,15 ευλο]γ(ησεν) - 17 τ[ην 3° 49,1 init - τ[ων 49,9 σκυ]μνος - εγερε[ι 49,13-18 περι[μ. 49,24 συ]νετριβη - 27 πρωι[νον 49,31 εθα]ψαν 1° - 50,2 (εντα)φιασται.

The collation of the D text by Grabe, edited by H.Owen¹.Owen, Collatio codicis Cottoniani Geneseos cum editione Romana, a viro clarissimo J.E.Grabe jam olim facta, nunc demum summa cura edita ab H.Owen, London, 1778.¯ is represented byDG, though only if the text is not otherwise extant or is unreadable. In H.-P. it is I. ¹

F Milan, Bibl. Ambr., S.P. 51 (formerly A. 147 inf.). V. Century. Contents: 31,15 αι λελογισμεθα - 31,37 ηραυ[νησας 42,14 οτι κατασκοποι- 42,21 αυτου 3° 42,28 εταραχθησαν - 46,6 την κτη[σιν 47,16 ει εκλελοιπεν - 48,3 ωφθη 48,21 των - 50,14 αδελ[φοι. Because of damage to the page 42,21 ενεκεν - η and 42,21 θλιψις - 42,28 και 4° are lacking. F^a designates corrections in majuscle script, and F^b those in minuscle script, whereas F^c , those whose source is uncertain. Edition: A.M.Ceriani, Monumenta sacra et profana 3, Milan 1864. The edition contains only the original text without any of the corrections (except for correction by the original scribe). In H.-P. the ms is named VII.

G Leiden, Univ. Bibl. Voss. graec. in qu.8 IV.-V. Century. Content: 31,53 fin + αυτων - 36,18 θυγατρος ανα. Edition: C. Tischendorf, Monumenta sacra inedita. Nova collectio 3. Leipzig 1860. In H.-P. G = IV.

L Vienna Nationalbibl., Theol. gr. 31. V.-VI. Century. Content: 3,4-24 7,19 - 8,20 9,8-15 κατακλυσμον 9,20-27 14,17-20 15,1-5 19,12-26 19,29-35 η νεωτερα 22,15-19 24,1-11 υδατος 24,15 και ιδου-24,20 24,22-31 25,27-34 26,2-11 30,30 και ηυλογησεν-30,37 31,25 ιακωβ δε-31,34 32,6-18 ησαυ 32,22-32 μηρου ιακωβ 35,1-4 35,8-20 35,28-37,19 εκαστος 39,9 απ εμου- 39,18 εφυγεν 40,14 εκ του-41,2 ποταμου 41,21 και αι οψεις-41,32 ο θεος 42,21 της ψυχης-43,21 48,16 ο ρυομενος-49,3 τεκνων μου 49,28-50,4 ει ευρον χαριν. Omissions within these blocks are noted in the apparatus. Edition: W. v.Hartel and P. Wickhoff, Die Wiener Genesis. Vienna 1895.

M Paris, Bibl. Nat., Coisl. 1. VII Century The text is complete up to 34,2 αρ]χων - 38,24 τω. Numerous marginal notes obtain, including hexaplaric materials. Known in H.-P. as X.

S London, Brit. Mus., Add. 43725. Earlier Leningrad, öff. Staatsbibl., Gr. 259. IV. Century. "Codex Sinaiticus". Only one fragmentary leaf of the Genesis text is preserved. Contents: 23,19 αυτη - 24,4 πορε[υση 24,5 εις την γην 2° - 24,8 απ[οστρε]ψης εκ[ει 24,9 ρη]ματος [τουτου] και - 24,10 μεσοποταμιαν 24,10 εις την πολιν - 24,14 πιε κ[αι τας του] καμη]λο[υς 24,30 λελαληκεν - 24,33 [και ειπεν ο]υ μη [φαγω εως του] λα[λησαι 24,36 αυτω 1° - 24,41 α]πο της 24,41 ορκισ]μου [μου και ελ]θων - 24,43 υδατος και 24,43 αι - 24,46 αυτης αφ. A few small traces from 2,17-18 25--27 are visible on the margin. Edition: C. Tischendorf, Monumenta sacra inedita. Nova collecio 2. Sinaitici Vaticani Alexandrini. Leipzig 1867. In Swete it is designated by <hb>alef..

2. Minuscule manuscripts.

14 Rome, Bibl.Vat. Palat.gr. 203 XI. Century. Cat. At some places the Lemma is written twice (8,21 9,6 16,11 24,3 25,4 25,22-23 48,15 49,3-4 49,8).

15 Paris, Bibl. Nat. Coisl.2. X. Century. The ms was written by three scribes: a) 1,2 - 2a ηγιþ$2[ασεν; b) 2a ηγι]ασεν - 41,42 αυτον 1°, 47,20 και 2° - fin; c) 41,42 επι - 47,20 λιμος. In Br.-M. = a.

16 Florence, Bibl. Laur., Plut. V 38. XI Century. The upper edges of the ms are damaged throughout; the letters there have been redrawn by a later scribe.

17 Moscow, formerly Syn.-Bibl. Cod. gr.385. X. Century. Cat. Through damage to edges the following are lost: 30,25 τ[ον ι]ωσηφ 31,11 ειπ[α 32,23 χειμαρ[ρουν 41,52 εφρα[ιμ 42,2 εκει [και 42,12 ειπε[ν 42,34 τη [γη 45,25 αυ[του 46,4 οφθαλμου[ς σου 47,5 κατοι[κει]τωσαν

18 Florence, Bibl. Laur., Medic. Palat. 242. XIV Century. The first page (Init up to 2,5 προ του 2°) is lost except for a few letters in 1,18-24.
Also 5,25-31 is lacking.

19 Rome Chigi R. VI 38. XII. Century. In Br.-M. = b

25 Munich, Bayer. Staatsbibl. Gr.9. XI Century. Cat.

29 Venice, Bibl. Marc., Gr.2. X.-XI. Century. Contents: 43,15 εναντιον ιωσηφ - fin. In Br.-M. = b₂.

30 Rome, Bibl. Casanat., 1444. XI.-XII. Century. Contents: 24,13 οικουντων - fin.

31 Vienna, Nat. Bibl., Theol. gr.7. XV. Century. Omissions in the Lemmata are noted in the apparatus.

44 Zittau, Christian-Weise-Bibl., A.1. XV. Century. In Br.-M. = d

46 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Coisl.4. XIII. Century. Init - 2,7 λαβων is lacking. A suppletor of the XVI. Century has prefaced on two pages 1,1 - 3,6 λαβουσα, which text is designated by 46®MDSD¯s.

52 Florence, Bibl. Laur., Acq.44. X.-XI. Century. (except for 20,6 αψασθαι ταυ]της - 24,62 το φρε[αρ; this text comes from the XIV Century). In Br.-M. = e.

53 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr. 17A. Written in 1439. In Br.-M. = f.

54 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr. 5. XIII.-XIV. Century. Change of scribe after 22,21 και τον καμουηλ. In Br.-M. = g

55 Rome, Bibl. Vat. Regin.gr, I. First half of X. Century. In Br.-M. = h.

56 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr.3. Written in 1096. The pages containing 11,8 οικοδομουντες - 15,18 αβραμ and 20,15 ε]ναντιον - 21,31 εκει are absent due to loss of leaf. Corrections of various scribes plus hexaplaric note obtain on the margin. In Br.-M. = i.

57 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat, gr. 747. XI. Century. Cat. Hexaplaric notes. In Br.-M. = j.

58 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Regin. gr. 10. XI. Century. Lacking are init - 5,30 fin 11,11 ετη - 27,15 πρεσβυτερου 34,2 και 3° - 36,26 ασβαν και 43,2 α]δελφον - 44,3 αυτοι. In Br.-M. = k.

59 Glasgow, Univ. Libr., BE 7^b.10. XV. Century. in Br.-M. = l.

64 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr. 2. X. Century. Init - 3,15 μεσον σου and 10,9 δια τουτο - 34,10 υμων are lacking. Corrections and hexaplaric notes on margin.

71 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr. 1. XIII. Century. Init - 3,20 and 10,7 και 2° - 13,11 απο 1° are absent.

72 Oxford, Bodl. Libr., Canon. gr. 35. XI.-XII. Century. In Br.-M. = m.

73 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 746. XI.-XII. Century. Cat. Hexaplaric notes on the margin.

74 Florence, Bibl. Laur., S.Marco 700. Late XIII. Century. In 6,9-19 each line misses 2 to 7 letters through damage on the inner edge of the page.

75 Oxford, Univ. College 52. Written 1125. Latin corrections of a late hand are not collated. in Br.-M. = n.

76 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr.4. XIII. Century. For 19,2 απελευσεσθε - 19,19 δυνησομαι and 21,2 συλλαβουσα - 22,10 χειρα αυτου e silentio conclusions are not valid.

77 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 748. XIII.-XIV. Century. Cat.

78 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 383. XIII. Century. Cat. Hexaplaric notes.

79 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr.1668. XII.-XIII. Century. Cat.

82 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Coisl.3. XII. Century. E silentio conclusions are invalid. In Br.-M. = o.

84 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1901. X.-XI. Century. Init - 28,2 αποδραθι is lacking. 37,14 αυτον - 38,12 οδολλαμιτης are lacking due to loss of leaf. E silentio conclusions for page 1 (28,2-15) not valid.

85 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 2058. X. Century. Init - 48,3 - 48,3 is lacking. Hexaplaric notes. In Br.-M. = z.

106 Ferrara Bibl. Comun. 187 I. XIV. Century. in Br.-M. = p.

107 Ferrara, Bibl. Comun. 188. I. Written in 1334.

108 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 330. XIII. Century. Init - 30,25 ως was added by two scribes in the XV. Century (21,19 - 24,9 by the second scribe). The text was one of the sources for the Complut. Polyglot. In Br.-M. = b, but it has been collated only in 10,2-32 and 25,12-18 where both 19 and 314 are absent.

118 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr.6. XI.-XII. Century. Init - 28,9 γυναιξιν is absent.

120 Venice, Bibl. Mar., Gr. 4. XI. Century. In Br.-M. = q [not g].

121 Venice, Bibl. Marc. Gr. 3. X. Century. The passage 25,33 απε]δοτο - 35,4 τους 2° is lost because of leaf lost, but was collated by H.-P. E silentio conclusions for 25,22-33 not valid. In Br.-M. = y.

122 Venice, Bibl. Marc., Gr.6. XV. Century. Its text was a basis for the Aldine.

125 Moscow, formerly Syn. Bibl., Gr.30. XIV. Century. The text is an abbreviated form of a text similar to that of 107, and has therefore been fully collated.

127 Moscow, formerly Syn. Bibl., Gr.31. XV. Century. Many hexaplaric notes. Edition: C.F.Matthaeus, Reportorium f. Bibl. u. Morgenl. Litt.4 (1779), 257-278.

128 Rome,Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1657. XIII. Century. Init - 1,10 is absent.

129 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1252. XI.-XII. Century The numerous corrections on the margin originate with the original scribe. Its text was used for the Sixtine. In Br.-M. = r.

130 Vienna, Nat. Bibl., Theol. gr. 23. XII.-XIII. Century. In Br.-M. wrongly designated as 131. Init - 2,21 αυτου is lacking. Hexaplaric notes up to Chap. 31. In Br.-M. = s.

131 Vienna, Bat. Bibl., Theol.gr. 57. Late X. Century.

134 Florence, Bibl. Laur., Plutei V. 1. XI. Century. In Br.-M. = t.

135 Basel, Univ. Bibl., A.N. III.13. X. Century. Cat. Hexaplaric notes. In Br.-M. = c₂.

246 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1238, Written in 1195. In large part a palimpsest (the Gen. text is the upper writing). Through page loss the text of 1,26 και κα]θ - 3,8 εν μεσω is lacking.

313 Athens, Nat. Bibl. 43. XI. Century. Cat.

314 Athens, Nat. Bibl. 44. XIII. Century. The text of 10,2-32 αυτων 2° 25,12-18 36,8 ησαυ αυτος - 36,43 κατωκοδομημεναις is lacking. In Br.-M. = w.

318 Athos, βατοπαιδιου 598 (formerly 513). X.-XI. Century. Init. - 3,1 γυναικι is absent. 7,22 - 10,7 is absent due to leaf loss. 3,20 αυτου - 3,21 εξαπεστειλεν 4,18 γαιδαδ 1° - 4,22 σφυροκοπος 5,1 κατ - 5,3 εγεννησεν are only partially extant, and e silentio conclusions from these passages are not valid.

319 Athos, βατοπαιδιου 600 (formerly 513). Written in 1021, Due to damage on the edges e silentio conclusions are invalid for the following texts: 2,6-15 3,14-21 4,25-5,4 6,4-13 7,13-20.

340 Athos κουτλουμουσιου 39.  XI. Century. On pp. 229r-231r the text of 48,8-50,26 follows the title ευλογια ιακωβ εις τους δωδεκα αυτου υιους.

341 Athos κουτλουμουσιου 82. XII.Century. Only one page with the following content: 1,5 εγενετο - 1,13. On the left edge 3 to 6 letters are at times unreadable.

343 Athos λαυρα 352. X. Century. 8,20 απο 1° - 17,15 αβρααμ is the product of another scribe. Hexaplaric notes.

344 Athos παντοκρατερος 24. X. Century. 29,2 πατρος - 31,44 διαθωμεθα has been supplied by a later scribe. Hexaplaric notes. In Br.-M. = v.

346 Athos πρωτατου 53. XVII. Century.

368 Milan, Bibl. Ambr., Q.6 sup. (662). XI. Century (rescr. 1426). The text of two pp. has been overwritten (Pp.25 and 59): 33,4 και προσεπεσεν - 33,10 ευδοκησει[ς 33,18 και 1° - 34,4 λεγων 45,13 - 45,19 εντειλαι 45,27 ιδων - 46,6 ανελαβον ταυτα.

370 Rome, Chigi R VIII 61. X. Century Init - 1,31 εγενετο 1° is absent. 1,31 - 25,5 αβρα[αμ παντα was restored in the XIV. Century.

376 Escorial, Real. Bibl. υ-II-5. XV. Century. Init - 4,2fin and 14,13 συνωμοται - 16,15fin are lacking. In Br.-M. = c.

381 Escorial, Real Bibl., ω-I-13. XI. Century. Init - 19,15 αναστας and 41,2 εκλεκται - 41,57 επεκρατησεν are lacking..

392 Grottaferrata, Bibl. della Badia, A. γ. I. X. Century.

400 Constantinople. μετοχιον of the Holy Sepulcher 224. XI. Century. Cat. The following passages are absent: 1,1 - 2,7 6,13 - 6.18 γυνη σου 15,17-16,3 α[βραμ 1° 18,2 επανω - 18,8 υπο το 24,31 εισελθε - 26,8 παιζοντα 37,21 και - 37,34 τα 39,8 αυτου και - 39,14 λεγων 41,3 του ποταμου 2° - 41,14 εξυρησαν 42,24 προσηλθεν - 42,38 υμων 47,3 οι δε - 47,18 εκτριβωμεν 48,5 ως - 48,10 ηδυναντο 48,21 - 49,12 49,17 - 50,26. E silentio conclusions are not valid for 2,8-15, 19 11,19-27 18,10-21 24,9 44,18-45,13 45,24-46,2 46,6-47,3 47,18-48,5 48,10-20 49,13-16. Hexaplaric notes.

407 Jerusalem, Patr. Bibl., αγιου ταφου 2. End of IX. Century. 33,14 προς - 34,25 τριτη ωαs restored in the ×III. Century. Lacking are 1,1-3,10 αυτω and 8,20 καθαρων 1° - 11,13 γεννησαι. In Br.-M. = u.

408 Jerusalem, Patr. Bibl., αγιου ταφου 3. XII.-XIII. Century. Cat. 17,20 ευ]λογηκα - 18,3 αρα was not collated, since that page was not available to the LXX-Unternehmen.

413 Constaninople, Bibl. of the Seraglio 3, XII. Century. Cat. E silentio conclusions are not valid. Hexaplaric notes on the margins.

414 Leiden, Univ. Bibl., Voss. gr. in fol.13. XIV. Century. Cat.

422 London, Brit. Mus., Add. 35123. XII.-XIII. Century. Cat.

424 London, Brit. Mus., Burney 34 XV. Century. Cat.  The ms. has the following pieces of text: 1,2-18,16 αβρα[... 18,33 19,12 init - ει 19,18-19,19 εγω δε 19,27-28 επι 1° 20,1 init - α[να 2° 21,1 init - καθα 2° 21,9-12 σοι 2° 21,20 εγενετο - 22 μετα σου 22,1 init - αβρααμ 2° 22,4-5 και ειπεν 22,15-16 λεγει κς 22,20-22 24,6 μη - 19 24,22 init - ενωτια 25,1 - 26,7 της γυναικος 2° 26,19-20 ειναι 26,34-27,1 ε[γενετο 27,20-22 αυτου 27,30-33 ευλογησα 27,41 init - αποκτεινω 27,46-28,1 προσκαλεσα[μενος 28,10-12 και 1° 28,18 init - εστησεν 29,1 init - συρου 29,13 init - διη[γησατο 30,1 init - αυτης 30,14-15 μανδρα[γορων 30,25-26 απελθω 30,26 ιακωβ δε - 37 περι συρων 31,3-4 31,16 νυν ουν - 18 απο[σκευην 31,32 init - ρα[χηλ 31,44 31,54-55 αναστας δε 32,6-7 ιακωβ 32,24-25 ιακωβ 33,1-2 εποιησε 34,25 35,1-9 22 36,1-2 χετταιου 36,31-32 πολει 37,2-4 εμισησαν αυτον 37,13 init - αυτους 37,29-30 εν 38,1 init - οδολαμιτην 38,11 init - μου 38,24 init - σου 39,1 init - φαραω 39,13-14 λεγουσα 40,1-2 δυσιν 40,20 init - αυτου 1° 41,14 init - αυτον 2° 41,39-40 υπα[κουσεται 41,50-51 πρωτο[τοκου 42,1 init - ινα 42,24 και 1° - απ αυτων 43,2 init - ειπεν 44,4 init - της 45,15 και 2° - 16 φωνη 46,2 - 3 εθνος 46,8 init - αυτου 46,26 init - μηρων 47,7 47,18 init -αυτω 47,28 48,1 init - αναλαβων 48,8-9 αυτους 1° 48,20 init - ποι[ησαι 49,1 init - α[παντησει 49,4 ανεβης - 13 ζαβουλων η 49,16-21 ν[εφθαλιμ 49,27 49,33 και 2° - 50,3 επληρωσαν 50,15 init - οσα αν

426 London, Brit. Mus., Add. 39585 (formerly Curzon 66). Beginning of XI. Century. Init - 1,31 τα παντα is lacking. In Br.-M. = x.

458 Messina, Bibl. Univ. S.Salv. 62 XII. Century. Lacking is Init - 5,19 εζη]σεν ια[ρεδ]. For 5,19-21 29-30 6,6 16 7,3 11-12 e silencio conclusions are not valid. Up to 9,1 the ms has many hexaplaric notes.

500 Vienna, Nat. Bibl. Suppl. gr. 176 (formerly Nikolsberg. Dietr. Schlossbibl. II 221). XI.-XII. Century. Cat.

508 Oxford, Bodl. Libr., Auct.F.4.32. Written cir. 817. On p.28b the ms. has the text of 1,1-2,3 and on pp.34b-36a the text of 22,1-19 in Greek and Latin with the Greek in Latin transcription, designated as 508^Gr and 508^{Lat  resp.}

509 Oxford, Bodl. Libr. Auct.T.inf.2.1; Cambridge, Univ. Libr., Add.1879.7; Leningrad, öff.Staatsbibl, Gr.62. IX.-X. Century. The contents of the Oxford ms. are 1,1-42,18; the Cambridge page has 42,18 - 43,14, and the remainder, i.e. 43,14 - fin lib. are in the Leningrad Library. Edition of the Oxford Ms: C. Tischendorf, Monumenta sacra inedita, Nova collectio 2, Leipzig 1857. The Oxford text was collated from the edition. The majuscle text ends with 42,30fin. The remainder is a minuscle text. The pages containing 14,7-18,24 δι[καιων, 20,14 απε]δωκεν - 25,54 εκπεμψα[τε and 46,12 και φαρες - 47,23 εαυτοις were lost. In Br.-M. the majuscle text = E, and the minuscle, a₂.

527 Paris, Bibl. de l'Arsenal 8415. XIV. Century. 1,1-13,10 περιχωρον was restored in the XVI. Century. In some places the faded text was retraced. Variants from these passages are designated as 527^s.

537 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Coisl. 184. XIII. Century. Lacking are init-19,5 εξα[γαγε and 41,19 βοες - 43,15. 1,1-7 επανω was written by another scribe.

539 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Coisl. 193. XI. Century. Excerpts from Cat. Its contents are as follows: 1,2 1,6 init - στερεωμα 1,9 και οφθητω η ξηρα 1,17 init - ουρανου 2,8 init - ανατολας 2,18 ποιησωμεν - fin 2,21 init - αδαμ 2,22 2,23 τουτο - σαρκος μου 3,7 init - ησαν 4,9 που - σου 4,16 init - θεου 4,24 4,25 εξανεστησε - αβελ 4,26 ουτος - θεου 5,3 init - αυτου 2° 5,22 init - θεω 5,24 και ουχ - θεος 6,2-3 σαρκας 6,4 init - εκειναις 6,5-7 κτηνους 6,9 νωε 2° - αυτου 6,11 init - θεου 6,18 εισελευσει - fin 6,22-7,2 δυο δυο 7,11 ερραγησαν - fin 7,13 init -υιοι νωε 7,16 και εκλεισε - fin 7,19 init - σφοδρα σφοδρα 7,20 init - υδωρ 7,24 8,1 init - θηριων 8,7 8,9 init - της γης 8,12 8,20-21 νεοτητος 9,1-8 αυτου 2°

550 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr.128. XII. Century. Cat. No e silentio conclusions are valid for 550^{mg .}

551 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr.129 XIII. Century. Cat. For 551^mg No e silentio conclusions are valid

569 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr.161. XIII. Century. (rescr.) The top script is the Genesis text. The text is lost after 34,27 εν η. Also lacking are 12,14 init -13,18fin and 31,24-32,32. No e silentio conclusions are valid after 33,8.

610 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Suppl. gr. 609. XIV. Century. The text begins with 18,7 και εις τους βους.

615 Patmos, ιωαννου του θεολογου 216. XI. Century. Cat.

618 Patmos, ιωαννου του θεολογου 410. XIII. Century. Init - 19,30fin is lacking.

619 Patmos, ιωαννου του θεολογου 411. XV. Century. Init - 8,13 στεγην is lacking. Some remnants of 4,8-16, though fragmentary, are recognizable. The leaf containing 9,7 και 2° - 10,21fin is lost.

630 Leningrad, öff. Staatsbibl., Papadopulos-Kerameus 8. X. Century. The following passages were restored in the XII. Century: 19,21-21,33 και 1° 24,6-26,9 μηποτε 31,32 αυτους - 31,47 εκαλεσεν 1° 32,10 ταυτη διεβην - 35,16 εν. The ms begins with 19,21 ιδ]ου εθαυμασα [ σου το προσωπον]. The following passages are lacking: 1,1-19,20 21,33 εφυτευσεν - 24,5 εκειθεν 26,9 αποθανω - 29,21 ο[πως 31,47 αυτον 1° - 32,10 μου 34,26 εν στοματι - 35,3 θλιψεως 35,16 τω τοκετω - 36,6 οσα 1° 38,23 μηποτε - 39,6 και 1°.

646 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Berber gr. 474. XII. Century. Cat. The following passages are lacking: 1,1-10 θαλασσας 2,6-3,10 και εις 8,1 και επηγαγεν - 14,20 σοι 22,5 εγω - 26,1 χω[ρις 29,28-32,25 μηρου αυτου 37,25 εγε]μον - 43,22fin 49,8-18.

662 Rome, BIbl. Vat., Pii II., Gr. 15, IX. Century (rescr. XIII. Century)
The original uncial script was carefully erased, so that only the hexaplaric marginal readings could be fully collated. E silentio conclusions are not valid. The following passages were collated: 37,14 και 3° - 21 αυτων 38,12 και παρακληθεις - 16 εισελθειν 38,16 η δε ειπεν - 28 προτε[ρος 39,1 ανηρ - 3 αυτου 1° 39,6 ιωσηφ 1° - 8 ου 39,10 υπη]κουεν - 19 εποιησεν 42,9 ειδεν - 10 σου 42,13 οι παιδες - 14 ιωσηφ 42,16 φαραω - 21 ημων 1° 45,8 θεο]ς και - 10 βοες σου 45,13 τω - 17 [γεμισ]ατ[ε.

664 Rome, Bibl. Vat. Pii II 220 ×IV. Century. 1,1-2,2 θεος εν τη was restored in the XVII. Century. 11,31-13,11 ανατολων is lacking. Many corrections on the margin. The edge is often damaged, so that e silentio conclusions for 664^mg are not valid.

707 Sinai, Cod. gr.1; Leningrad, öff.Staatsbibl., Gr. 260. The Codex was assembled from four mss. glued together. To that was added a page from a Suppletor. 707 = X.-XI. Century; 707^I  = XIV.-XV. Century; 707^II  = XII. Century; 707^III = XI. Century; 707^s  = XIV. Century. The codex consists of the following passages: 707: Pp.1b-2b = 40,20 εποιει ποτον - 42,8 αδελ[φους; pp.42a-43b = 42,8 αδελ]φους - 44,18 λαλησατω ; p. 45a-b = 45,26 τ]η διανοια - 47,13 η γη 1°; 1 leaf from Leningrad = 47,13 αιγυπτου - 48,17 αυτην; pp.46a-47a = 48,17 απο - fin libri. 707^I : pp.3a-30b = 1,1-29,7 πολλη (28,19-29,7 is crossed out). Since the text types of 707 and 707^I agree, only the designation 707 is used. 707^II : pp.31a-41a = 28,18 ακρον - 42,7 707^III : pp.282a-283a = 37,19 αυτου ιδου - 39,5 αιγυπτιου 707^s: p.44ab = 44,18 λαλη]σατω - 45,26 τη διανοια.

708 Sinai, Cod. gr. 2. ×. Century. Cat. Init -16,5 δε[δωκα is lacking.

730 Venice, Bibl. Marc., Gr. 15. XII. Century. Cat

739 Venice, Bibl. Marc., Gr.534. X. Century. Init - 43,20 γαρ and 49,8 - fin libri. was restored in the XIV. Century.

761 Zurich, City Libr., C.11. XIII. Century. Cat.

799 Athens, Nat. Bibl. 2491. Written in 1280. The text begins with 3,14 [παν]των των κτηνων

3. Uncollated manuscripts.

The following younger mss. were not collated, since they could not be expected to contain worthwhile textual information.

68 Venice, Bibl. Marc., Gr.5. XV. Century. This ms. is closely related to Ms. 122. Only Chapter 50 was collated.

83 Lisbon, Arch. da Torre de Tombo 540. XVI. Century. Cat.

126 Moscow, formerly Syn. Bibl. 19. Written in 1475. Cat. The ms was not available to the LXX Unternehmen.

350 Berlin, Staatsbibl., Phill. 1405. Written cir 1540. Cat.

373 Escorial, Real Bibl., -I-6.[[??]] Written in 1586. Cat.

374 Escorial, Real Bibl., -II-17.[[??]] Written in 1572. Cat.

431 Madrid, Bibl. Nat. 4673. XVI. Century. Cat.

461 μετεωρα 261. XVI. Century.

483 Munich, Bayern Nat. Bibl., Gr.82. XVI. Century. Cat. According to Rahlfs a copy of Ms. 14.

552 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Coisl. 130 and 132. XV. Century. Cat. Copy of ms. 550. Only chapter 50 was collated.

633 Rome, Bibl. Angel. 114. XVI. Century. Cat.

651 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Barber. gr. 569. XVI. Century. Cat.

666 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Regin. gr. 7. XV. Century. Cat. Content: 1,1-3,7. Copy of ms. 17.

691 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1684. XVI. Century. Cat.

723 Turin, Bibl. Naz., B.III. 15. XVI. Century. Cat.

Too late available for collation:

394 Rome, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 2306 (formerly Grottaferrata A. δ. XXIII); IX-X. Century (rescr.; acc. to Aly X.-XI. Century). Contents: 26,16-19 26,25-29 27,1-4 13-17 25-29 34-37 42-45 28,5-8 43,23?-44,9? 44,9-31 50,17-26. Confer W. Aly, De Strabonis codice rescripto, Studi e Testi 188 (Cittα d. Vaticano 1956), vii-xx and Jean Irigoin, L'Italie méridionale et la tradition des textes antiques, Jahrbuch d.österreich. byzantinischen Gesellschaft 18 (1969), 37-55 The ms. was subsequently examined; the text appears to be closely related to that of the d/t Text groups.

The following mss. were destroyed by fire:

364 μεγα πηλαιον, βεης 68, XIV. Century.

716 Smyrna, ευαγγελ. χολη α-1. XII. Century. Cat.

4. Papyri

806 Vienna, Nat. Bibl., P.Gr. Vind. 26101. Early V. Century. Pieces of a Parchment codexleaf. The following incomplete fragments are extant: 27,43-28,4,5-6. Edition: P.Sanz, Griechische literarische Papyri christlichen Inhalts I. Mitteilungen aus der Papyrussammlung d. National­bibliothek in Wien. N.S. IV. Folge. Baden b. Wien 1946, 13-16.

807 Vienna, Nat. Bibl., P.Gr. Vind. 26112. V. Century. A parchment fragment. The following incomplete fragments are extant: 43,16-17 20-21. Edition: P. Sanz (cf Ms. 806), 16-17.

814 New Haven, Yale Univ., P. Yale Inv. 419. Written cir 90 A.D. Fragment of a parchment leaf. Content (incomplete) 14,5-8 12-15. Edition: J.F. Oates, A.E. Samuel, C.B. Welles, Yale Papyri in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library I, Hew Haven-Toronto 1967, 3-8. [[On dgating, see also Turner, Codex, ???]]

815 Erlangen, Univ. Bibl., P. Erlangen 2. IV.-V. Century. Leaf from a parchment codex. Content (incomplete): 41,48-57. Edition: W. Schubart, Die Papyri der Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen, Erlangen 1942, 1-3.

820 Damascus, Ommayid Mosque, Akz. No.481, I. IX. Century. The deciphering is based on a photograph from the literary remains of Violet. Contents: 10,12 δασεμ - 10,13 τους 2°. εdition: K. Treu, Majuskelbruch­stücke der Septuaginta aus Damaskus (=MSU VIII), Göttingen 1966, 5 (No.I).

831 Berlin, Staatl. Mus., P.17035. Written cir 500. Fragment from a parch­ment codex. Contents (defective): 36,14-15 23-24. Edition: K. Treu, Actes du X^e congrès intern. de papyrologues, 1964, 200-213.

832 Ann Arbor, Univ. Libr., P. Michigan, Inv.2724. IV. Century. Fragmentary. Contents: 13,7 εγε[νετο - 13,8 ει[πεν 13,20 ιορδαν]ου-13,11 (τ)η[ν. Edition: H.A.Sanders and C. Schmidt (see ms 911),430.

833 Messina, Bibl. Univ., S.Salv.140. VIII.-IX. Century (rescr.) Palimpsest in Uncial script. (the Genesis is the text underneath). Contents: 10,20 αυ]των κατα - 13,3 σκη[νη 18,13 τι οτι - 19,33 του. 12,11 ευπροσωπος - 12,15 εις is barely readable. So e silentio conclusions are not valid. The following texts are lacking: 10,32 τον κατακλυσμον - 11,1 φωνη 11,9 συνεχεεν-διεσπειρεν 11,16 εγεν]νησεν - 11,17 γεννησαι 11,26 εβδομ. - αβραμ 12,1 και εκ 2° - πατρος 18,20 αυτων - 18,21 ει 1° 18,28 ειπεν - τεσσαρακοντα 19,2 υ]μων 2° - ορθρισαντες α[... 19,8 αρ]εσκη - τουτους 19,14 ειληφοτας - ειπεν 19,19 ποι]εις - δυνησομαι 19,28 προσωπον 2° - και 5°.

901 Berlin, Staatl. Mus., P.6770. VII. Century. Fragment from a Parchment codex. Contents (fragmentary) 5,10-13 28-30. Edition: O Stegmüller, Berliner Septuagintafragmente. BK VIII, Berlin 1939, 3-4.

903 Berlin, Staatl. Mus., P.9778. VI.-VII. Century. Two badly preserved double-leaves of a very small Parchment Codex. Very carelessly written. Contents (defective): 27,29 30 37-39 28,1-5. Edition: O. Stegmüller (see ms. 901), 6-10.

905 P.Oxyrh. 656 = Oxford, Bodl. Libr., Gr. bibl.d.5 (P). Early III. Century. Four fragmentary leaves of a Papyrus Codex. Some corrections obtain from a second scribe. Almost uniquely the ms tends to omit the word κυριος, if is used of God. On one occasion (15,8) a space for the expected κε obtains. Contents (Defective): 14,21-23 15,5-9 19,32-20,2 20,2-11, 24,28-37 24,38-47 27,32-33 27,40-41. Edition: B.P.Grenfall and A.S. Hunt, The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Pt. IV, London 1904, 28-36 (Facs. of 24,28-37). In Br.-M. - U4 .

907 P. Oxyrh. 1007 = London, Brit.Mus., P.2047. Late III. Century. Fragment of a Parchment Codex. The text is written in two columns. Contents (defective): Verso 2,7-9 16-19 Recto 2,23-3,1 6-8. Edition: B.F. Grenfell and A.S. Hunt, The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Pt. VII. London 1910, 1-3 (Facs. of the Recto).

911 Berlin Staatl. Mus., Fol. 66. I, II. Late III. Century. The text is distinguished by a large number of orthographic peculiarities. For its textual character comp. beyond the discussion of Schmidt (cf below) the work of Pietersma (see under Literature ...). Contents (all vv. very fragmentary): 1,16-22 2,5-9 11-22 23-24 3,1-24 4,1-7 9-12 13-26 5,1-13 15-17 19-22 24-31 6,1-17 19-22 7,1-24 8,1-2 4-22 9,1-29 10,1-32 11,1-32 12,1-12 12,13-13,2 13,4-14,1 14,2-17 14,17-15,7 15,10-16,2 15,4-8, 15,11-16,6 16,8-17,10 12-24 17,27-18,18 18,22-19,4 19,15-22 19,33-20,1 20,12-18 21,13-17 21,30-22,2 13-17 23,6-12 24,4-8 20-23 24,37-35,8. Edition: H.A. Sanders and C. Schmidt, The Minor Prophets in the Freer Collection and the Berlin Genesis. Univ. of Michigan Studies. Humanistic Series XXI, New York 1927 (also a Facimile-edition, New York 1927).

912 Pierpont Morgan Libr., P. Amherst. III.-IV. Century. A small fragment, of which the Verso has two versions of 1,1-5, both LXX and αÿb'. In the apparatus these are designated as 912¹  and 912²  resp. Edition with Facsimile: P.B. Grenfell and A.S. Hunt. The Amherst Papyri, Pt.1 London 1900, 30-31. In Br.-M. =U2.

935 Munich, Bayer. Staatsbibl., Gr.610 No.1. IV. Century. A small Parchment fragment. Only a few letters are extant. Contents (deficient): 37,35 38,1 5 9. Edition: W. Gerhäusser and A.Rahlfs, Münchener Septuaginta-Frag­­mente (=MSU I,4), Berlin 1913. Collated by Br.-M. I.4 (1917), vi.

939 Cambridge, Univ. Libr., Ms.Or.1287 (formerly Privatbibl. Lewis) and Beuron, Greek Genesis Fragments. VIII. Century? The ms was dated by Lewis in the VI.-VII. Century, by Dold, however, in the VIII. Century, and later in the VIII.-IX. Century. A Palimpsest text in uncial script containing hexaplaric notes. Contents: the Cambridge fragment contains 40,3 φυλα]κη - 40,5 παρεστη[... 40,6 τεταραγμ. - 40,7fin; the Beuron- leaf has 41,8 η ψυχη - αυτοις 41,10 αρχισιτο]ποιον - 41,12 νεανισκοι 41,39 συνετωτερος- 41,41 καθι[στημι 41,43 ανε]βιβασεν - 41,44 εγω (fragm.). Editions: A.S. Lewis in Exp. (1901), 55-57 and A. Dold in BZ 18 (1929), 241-270. Cf. also Biblica 11 (1930), 231-235 and 12 (1931), 367f.

940 Paris, Bibl. Nat., Gr. 1397,2. Pp.9-10 and 14-15 (formerly pp 223-222 and 218-217). VIII. Century. Contents:

942 Cairo, Soc. Egypt. de Papyri. P.Fouad, Inv. 266. Written cir 50 B.C.E. Very fragmentary. Contents: 7,17-20 38,10-12. Edition with Facsimile: F. Dunand, Extrait des Etudes de Papyrologie, t.IX, Le Caire 1966, 81-83.

944 P. Oxyrh. 1166 = London, Brit. Mus., P.2066. III. Century. Very fragmentary. Contents: 16,8-12. Edition with Facsimile: A.S. Hunt, The Oxyrh. Papyri, Part IX, London 1912, 1-2.

945 P. Oxyrh. 1167 (soon afterwards Brussels, Musées Royaux). IV. Century. Very fragmentary. Contents: 31,42-46 47-54. Edition: A.S. Hunt (cf ms 944).

949 Vienna, Nat. Bibl., Rainer, Litt. theol. 1-3. IV.-V. Century. Three fragments of a codex. Very fragmentary. Contents: 38,23* 25* 28-29* 39,1* 40,1-3* 11-12*. Edition: C. Wessely, Studien zur Paläographie u. Papyruskunde IX, Leipzig 1909, 2.

953 London, Brit. Mus., P.inv. No. 2557. Written cir 300. A fragmentary leaf out of a papyrus codex. Contents: 46,28-32 47,3-5. Edition: H.J.M. Milne, Catalogue of the Literary Papyri in the Brit. Museum, London 1927, 165-166.

958 Oslo, P.Osloensis II No.11. Early IV. Century. Fragment of a leaf from a Florilegium or Testimonium. P.Ryl. Gr. 400 is on the same leaf. Very fragmentary; Contents: 26,13-14. Edition: G. Rudberg, Videnskapsselskapets Forhandlinger, Christiana 1923, and S. Eitrem-L. Amundsen, Papyri Osloenses, fasc. II, Oslo 1931, 10f. (No.11).

959 Berlin, Staatl. Mus., P.16353. IV.-V. Century. Contents (damaged): 13,3-6 8-9. Edition: O. Stegmüller (see Ms.901), 4-6 (with Facsile on the Recto).

961 Dublin, Chester Beatty Libr., P. Chester Beatty IV. IV. Century. Contents: For both 961 and 962 the * with a verse number means fragmentary text.¯ 9(1*-5*)10...]ω[ν] απο-12 13* 16* 17-20* 21* (22*-27*) 10(2*-9*) 14*-19* 20* 22* 23*-30* 31* (10,32*-11,5* 8* 11*) 13* -19* 21 ραγου-28* αρραν (29*-32*) 12,(3*-7*) 8*...]τολας-14* 15 επηνε]σαν - 20* μετ α[... 13,(2*-7*) (9*-15*) 13,15-αυ]την-14,2* 3*-8* (9*-13* 14*-18*) 20* 21* 14,22*-15,1* 2*-7* 8* (9*-14*) 17,(7*-11*) 12 σπερμα]τος-17* ει 18 τον-23* (17,23*-18,2*) (3*-8*) 10 επα]ναστρεφων-13* 14*-15* 16 κατε]βλεψαν-21* καταβας ο[...(21*-25*) (27*-23*) 19,1 εξανε]στη-5* αυτον 5 η]μας-10* (11*-14* *15*-19*) 20 μικρα-25* κα[ι 4° 26 οπι]σω-31* ο π[ατηρ (31*-34* 19,35*-20,3*) 4 εθνος-8* σφο[δρα 9 τι τουτο-14* απε[δωκεν (20,15*-21,2* 5*-11*) 12 κληθη]σεται-17 [αγαρ εκ τ]ου ου 17 φωνης-23* (24*-30* 21,32*-22,3*) 3 επι--7* 8* 8 αμα-13* και ε[πορ. (14*- 18* 22,20*-23,3*) 6 κε-10* 10 των 3°-16* (16*-20*) 24,(2*-6*) 7 λεγων-10* 11 τας-15* (15*-20* 22*-27*) 29 προς-33* 34 ειπεν-39* (40*-43* 44*-48*) 49 αριστε]ραν-55* 55 του]το- 61*(61*-67*) 25,2* τ]ον 1°-5* 6* 7* 9 αυ]του-15* 16 τα-21* 22*-24* 25*-26* 28*-33* 34* 26,2 ωφθη-6* 7 περι-10* 11*-15* 16* 18*-21* 22* 24 του-28* 29 βδε]λυξαμεθα-34* 27,1*-4* 5* (7*-9*) 10-12* 13* 14 αυτου 2°-18* 19* 20 δε 2°-25* 26*(27*-30* 32*-36*) 37*-40* 41 τον-45* (27,46*-28,4*) 5* ιακ]ωβ 2°-9* 10* 11*-14* 15 ταυ]την-19* 20* 28,21*-29,2* 3* 4*-8* 9* 10 τον-13* 15 ει-20* (22*-27*) 29*-33* 29,35 ειπεν-30,4* 6 της-11* 12* 14*-16* 18*-22* 25 απο]στειλον-30* 21 τουτο-34* 35* 36*-38* 30,40*-31,1* 3 αποστρεφου-6* 7* 9 κτη]νη-12* 13* 14*-17* 18* 20*-24* 25* 27* 28 29*-30* 32 ι]ακωβ-33* 34* (35*-39*) 41*-43* 44 εμου 2°-47* 50 ταπεινωσεις-54* 32,(1*-5*) 7*-9* 10* 12 σε-15* 16 ποι]μνης 2°-18* 19* 20*-22* 23* 25*-29* 32,32* ε]νεκεν-33,1* 2* 4 εδ]ραμεν-7 προσεκ[... 1° 10* ει-13* 14 μου 3°-17* 18* 34,1*-4* 5* 7 η]λθον-9* 11*-13* 14* 16*-19* 20* 21 ημων 2°-23* 24* 25 μαχαιραν-28* (34,30*-35,1* 3*-5*) 7...]δρασκειν-9* 10* 11* 12 τ]αυτην-15* 16* 18*-21* 22* 26* 27*-29* 36,1* (4*-6*) 9* ησαυ-11* 12*-13* (15*-19* 22*-28*) 31*-34* 37*-39* 40* 43* 37,1-2* 4*-7* 9*-11* 14*-16* βοσκου[... (19*-21* 24*-27*) 28*-31* (33*-36*) 38,(2*-7* 9*-12*) 13*-15* 18*-20* (22*-25* 26*-29*) 39,(2*-4* 5*-7* 9*-11*) 13*-15* 18*-19* 22* 23* 40,2* 3*-5* (7*-10* 13*-14* 16*-18* 20*-23*) 41,1* (3*-7*) 10*-12* 14* 15*-17* (19*-21* 24*-27* 31*-33* 35*-36* 39*-42* 44*-46*) 48*-50* 53*-55 αι[γυπτου 57* 42,1* 2* (11*-13* 16*-18* 28*-30*) 33*-34* 43,6*-7* (9*-11*) 21*-22* 25* 26* 44,17* 21* 22*

For the textual character of 961 see the work of Pietersma (see Literature below). Edition: F.G. Kenyon, The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri, Fasc. IV, London 1934 (Facsimile edition London 1935) and Pietersma.

962 Dublin Chester Beatty Libr., P. Chester Beatty V. Late III. Century. Contents: 8,(13-17 21 22)* 9(1-2)* 24,(13-21)* (21-29)* (30-35)* 36-39 (40-46)* 47 (48-50)* 51-54* (55-61)* 62-65* (24,66-25,21)* 30,(20-21 24-26 28-33 35-42)* 31,(1-3 5-13 19 24-26 29-30 33-38 40-45 47-55)* 32,(5-9 14-32)* 33(1-8 10-17 18-20)* 34,(1-31)* 35,1* 2 (3-9)* 10 (11-16)* 39,(3-5)* 6-8 (9-14)* 15-16 (17-23)* 40,(1-13)* 41,(9-16)* 17 (18-26)* 27-31* (32-41)* 42-43* (44-48)* 49-52* (53-57)* 42,1-4 (5-11)* 12-16* (17-21)* 22-25* (26-30)* 31-34* (35-37)* 42,38-43,4* (5-29)* 30-34 44,(1-4)* 5-10* (11-34)* 45,(1-27)* 28 46,1-3* (4-33)*.

For the textual character of 962 see the work of Pietersma (see Literature below). Edition: F.G. Kenyon (see Ms 961) (Facsimile edition London 1936) and Pietersma.

977 Berlin, Staatl. Mus., P.16989. VI. Century. A very fragmentary piece of a Parchment leaf. Contents: 29,17-20, Edition: O. Stegmüller (see ms 901), 64.

995 Berlin, Staatl. Mus., P.17213. III. Century. A fragment of a leaf of a parchment codex. Contents: 19,11 [μικρο]υ εως-19,13 [οτ]ι υψ[ωθη 19,17 και ει[παν]-19,19 τη[ν ψυχην]. Edition: K. Treu APF XX(1970), 43-47.

997 Hamburg, Staats. u. Univ. Bibl., P.Ibscher 5. IV. Century. Fragment of a leaf from a parchment codex. Content (broken): 41:45-51 55-57. Edition: H.Tiemann (editor), Veröff. aus. d. Hamburger Staats- und Univ. Bibl., Vol. IV, Hamburg 1954, 131-132.

5. Collated Manuscripts lacking a Rahlfs number.

Geneva Pap. No.99. V.-VI. Century. Contents: 37,3 υ]ιους-37,4 [τ]ων υιω 37,8 [α]υ[το]υ 3°-37,9 και ε[νδεκα. The text is not LXX, but rather a later Jewish targum translated into Greek. So it has not been noted in the apparatus. Edition: J. Nicole, Rev. d. philol., n.s. 28 (1904) and A.Rahlfs, MSU I, 65-68. In Br.-M. =Δ₄

Cairo. A Parchment fragment in the binding of Pap. No. 88747 (Cairo-Museum), that contains a piece of 31,8. Edition: Extraits des Livres I et II du Contre Celse d'Origène d'apres le papyrus no. 88747 du Musée du Caire par Jean Scherer, Institut Francais d'Archaeologie Orientale. Bibl. d'Etude XXVIII, Le Caire 1956,4.

Leningrad, öff. Staatsbibl., Gr.559 (Len 559). VIII.-IX. Century (rescr. XIII. Century). The script underneath is Genesis text. A Palimpsest leaf apparently from a Florilegium. Contents: 9,18-24. Since the ms. has numerous itacisms, itacistic spellings of Proper Nouns are not noted.

London, Brit. Mus., Inv. No. 212 (= Oxyrh. 228). A fragment apparently of a homily, with a quotation from 14,17. In Br.-M. = U₃

Paris, Bibl. Nat., Coisl. 296. A Lectionary. On pages 5-6a under the title η διαθηκη του ιακωβ the text of 49,1-53 εξελειπεν and 50,22 και εζησεν - 50,23fin appears. Comp. R. Devreesse, Bibl. Nat., Dépt. des manscrits. Le fonds Coislin. Catalogue des manuscrits grecs II. Paris 1945.

Strassburg, Pap.gr. 748 (Strass 748). Likely V. Century. Fragmentary. Contents: 25,19 τον - 25,22 δε 1° 26,3 γη-26,4fin. The text shows a completely revised text, based on MT, and so has barely any relevance for LXX; it is simply a curiosum. Edition: O. Plasberg, Strasssburger Anekdoten, APF II 2/3,Leipzig 1903.In Br,-M. = Δ₃

Venice, Bibl. Marc., Gr. 494 (Ven 494). Testamenta filiorum Jacob on Pp.263r-264v. Contents: 49,17 οφις-49,18 κυριου

6. Greek Patristic Citations

The citation of the Patristic Fathers represents an area of research where the unwary easily arrive at overly rapid results. It is often difficult to distinguish between an actual citation and mere allusions. An uncritical employment of allusions as witness for particular readings may easily create a false image as to the Biblical text used by an ancient Father. The use of biblical citations by the Fathers is often not particularly exact; in fact, this sometimes shows a Church Father as witness to three or four textual allegiences in a particular passage, which is patently absurd. On the one hand, certain Fathers, such as Origen and Eusebius cite quite precisely, so that one can rely with some confidence on citations in their works. On the other hand, some Fathers such as Chrysostom or Epiphanius use Biblical passages with excessive freedom. Especially with Chr it is imperative that one exercise extreme care in deciding whether a citation is a real one. Many of his citations are not actually such at all, but are merely allusions which are newly transformed by his own inimitable style.

In this edition, many instances where Br.-M. cites Chr as the only support for a particular reading are not noted here. As a general rule only those readings are noted which in the editor's judgment are actual citations, i.e. as representing a text which was actually extant and used by the Father in question. In the case of Epiph the situation is complex and bewildering, since some biblical allusions are presented in a form completely at variance with any known text form. That in such cases some interesting readings obtain which may well lead to their being used more often than can be justified from a text critical point of view.
Iust has been fully cited because of his text being a possible source for witnesses to an early revision. As for Phil, P. Katz (Philo's Bible, Cambridge 1950) defends the thesis that the mss UFL represent in certain books a recen­sional text which differs from the common text. And so the readings of these three mss are always noted when they differ from those mss which represent the common text. These other witnesses are for clarity's sake usually cited as Phil^ap or Phil^cod(d).

A further problem that confronts an editor of a Greek Biblical text is the range of patristic evidence which should be investigated. For this edition the editor more or less arbitrarily limited his search almost entirely to the first five centuries, insofar as these were available to him. This occurred in the full recognition that certain worthwhile citations may well obtain in later writers, which in consequence are missing in this edition.

In the apparatus the citation of Greek sources appears in the following order: First place is occupied by the uncial texts in alphabetical order, and characterized by a capital letter. Then the papyri are cited in the order of 801 to 999. Then the hexaplaric group is given as well as the Catena groups, with the mss groups following in order as: b d f n s t y z; then the codd mixti, followed by the mss without a Rahlfs number. Next comes the NT citations, and finally, the rest of the patristic witnesses in alphabetic order. For the ordering of the versions, see below under A.II.

The following authors are fully compared:

Adam = Adamanntius (GCS 4; Ed. by W.H. van de Sande Bakhuizen)
Alex = Alexander Alexandrinus (PG 18)
Amph = Amphilochius Iconiensis (PG 39, 8-130)
Anast = Anastasius Sinaita (PG 89)
Ast = Asterius Amasenus (PG 40, 163-390)
Ath = Athanasius I-III (PG 25-27)
Bas = Basilius Magnus Caesariensis (PG 85)
Chr = Chrystomus I-XVIII (PG 47-64)
Chr Dum = Chr (Dumortier (SC 117)
Chr Ex = Chr (B.K.Exarchos, Das Wort des Antike 4. Munich 1952)
Chr F = Chr F I-VII (F.Field, Interpretatio Omn. Epp. Paulinarum,
Oxford 1845-62)
Chr M = Chr (Malingrey, SC 79
Chr Pk = Chr (A.Papadopulos-Kerameus, Varia Graeca Sacra, St.-P­éters­burg, 1909)
Chr Wng = Chr (Wenger, SC 50)
Clem = Clemens Alexandrinus I-III (GCS 12, 15,17; Ed. O. Stählin)
ClemR = Clemens Romanus (J.B.Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers, Pt.I,
Vol.II, London 1890)
Cyr = Cyrillus Alexandrinus I-II (PG 68-69)
CyrHier = Cyrillus Hierosolymitanus (PG 33,331-1180)
DialAZ = F.C.Conybeare, The Dialogues of Athansius and Aquiila and of
DialTA Timothy, and Aquila, Anecdota Oxoniensia, Class.Ser. I.8, Oxford 1898
Did = Didymus Alexandrinus (PG 39)
DionAl = Dionysius Alexandrinus (L.Peltoe, λειψαντα. = The Letters and Other Remains of Dionysius of Alexandria, Cambridge 1904 (Cambridge Patr.Texts)
Epiph = Epiphanius I-III (GCS 25,31,37; Ed. K.Holl)
Eus = Eusebius Caesariensis I-II, III1, IV, VI, VIII1,2 (GCS 7,11,14; ed. E.Klostemann, GCS 23; Ed. I.A.Heikel. GCS 43,1,2; Ed. K.Maas)
EusEm = Eusebius Emesenus (PG 86, 545-561)
Genn = Gennadius Constantinopolitanus (PG 85, 1624ff.)
GregNys = Gregorius Nyssenus I-IX (W.Jaeger, Gregorii Nysseni Opera, Berlin/Leiden 1921ff.)
Hipp = Hippolytus I 1,2 II (GCS 1; Ed. G.N.Bonwetsch u.H.Achelis, GCS 26; Ed.P.Wendland)
IgnAnt = Ignatius Antiochenis, (J.B.Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers, Pt.II, Vol.III, London 1885)
IgnPhil = Ignatius Philadelphicis (J.B.Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers, Pt.II, Vol.III, London 1885)
Ios = Iosephus, Flavius (B.Niese, Opera, Berlin 1885-1895)
Isid = Isidorus Pelusiota (PG 78)
Iust = Iustinus Martyr (I.C.Th.v.Otto, Iustini Philosophi et Martyris Opera quae feruntur omnia. Vol.I 1,2 (Corpus apologetarum
chirstianorum saeculi secundi Vol.1-2), 3.edition, Jena (1876 & 1877)
Mac = Macarius Aegyptius (PG 34)
Mel = Melito, Fragmenta (E.J.Goodspeed, Die älteste Apologeten, Göttingen 1914)
Nil = Nilus Ancyrunus (PG 79)
Or = Origenes I-IV, VI, IX, X, XII (GCS 2,3; ed. P.Koetschau, GCS 6, Ed. E.Klostermann, GCS 10; Ed.E.Preuschen, GCS 29; Ed.W.A.Baerens. GCS 35; Ed.M.Rauer. GCS 40 u. 41,1; Ed. E.Klostermann. GCS 41,2; Ed. E.Klostermann & L.Früchtel)
Or Sel = Origenes, Selecta in Genesim (PG 12)
Phil = Philon Iudaeus Alexandrinus (L.Cohn & P.Wendland, Opera, Berlin 1896ff.)
Philop = Philoponus (G.Reichardt, Philoponus, De Opificio Mundi; Scriptores Sacri et Profani I. VII, Lipsiae 1897)
PsClem = Pseudo-Clementina (GCS 42; Ed. B.Rehm)
Sev = Severianus Gabalitanus (PG 56)
Th = Theodorus Mopsuestenus (PG 66)
Tht = Theodoretus Cyrensis I-V, VI (PG 80-84,75)
ThtAz = Tht(Y.Azéma, Théodoret de Cyr, Correspondence, I-III, SC 40)
Tht Can = Tht (P.Canivet, Théodoret de Cyr. Thérapeutique des maladies hélleniques, SC 57)
ThtMSU V = Tht (A Möhle, Theodoret von Kyros, Komm. zu Jesaja (MSU V) Berlin 1932)
Tht P = Tht (GCS 44; Ed. L.Parmentier)

II. The Old Versions

In the order of the versions La stands at the beginning in the apparatus. Then the other versions follow in alphabetic order.
What follows here in condensed fashion is a consideration of the place occupied by the versions and the evaluation of their evidence in this volume.

a) Versions must not be used in uncritical fashion. It is important to realize materials as textual witness one must keep in mind that a version is a translation from a different language. "Translation" means first of all that an encoding process had taken place which is then followed by an reencoding into another structured linguistic system. The relation between Greek as the translated language and the language into which it is translated is not simply to be characterized as two equals in size. In fact, even the relation between two related languages can be complicated. E.g., Latin does not use a definite article, and therefore can never be used for or against its occurrence in Greek. And in non-related languages the relationship poses even greater difficulties. The Greek nominal system obtains in five cases, but in Syriac there simply are no cases; it has, however, a set of three states, which does not show any relation to a verb, but rather a relation to another nominal structure. As a result the relation of a noun to a verb must be shown in some other way.

b) In the second place, it is important that the type of translation of a particular translator must be studied, before its witness can be cited as support for a Greek text. Aeth is a rather free rendering of its parent text. Often, e.g., two verbs are used to translate a single Greek verb. On the other hand, Syh is a quite literal rendering, and only seldom makes use of any kind of paraphrase. Obviously Aeth and Syh as witnesses for a Greek reading must be evalu­ated quite differently.

A review of variants given of the various translations shows that the majority deals with relatively unimportant variations. But these seemingly unimportant variants do not automatically reflect different parent texts. Thus in both Bo and Arm the presence or absence of και and δε vary considerably, and their evidence for the Greek must be considered entirely worthless. An editor must study in detail exactly how a particular translator stands over against a parent text as well as consider the linguistic relation of one language over against the second language. In practice an editor should seldom cite unique readings; rather generally speaking it is best to cite versions in support of readings well-supported by Greek witnesses. Due to their antiquity exceptions may well be made in the case of La and Bo^K. Furthermore, unique readings from the versions would normally only be cited when it seems probable that they represent actual parent Greek texts. It is obvious that no e silentio conclusions are valid for versional support.

1.The Old Latin Version = La

The collation as well as the textual groupings is based entirely on B. Fischer's Edition of VETUS LATINA (Die Reste der altlateinischen Bibel II. Genesis, Freiburg 1951-54). The following mss were used in the Beuron edition:

The old divison into Afra and Itala now needs revision. Three texttypes can be clearly distinguished. The oldest of these was current in Carthage around the middle of the 3rd Century. Its text is secured through its regular use in Cyprian and the Pseudo-Cyprian writings. It is designated by La^K

The second Texttype (La^C) is a somewhat Europeanized form of La^K , which was in use in North Africa about 150 years after Cyprian. It is witnessed in the early writings of Augustine, especially in Gen c Man and Gen ad litt, but also in C Adamas well as in a part of PsAug Speculum (Spec).

The third type is the European Text (La^E ). It does not yield a consis­tent picture, and is apparently the product of a gradual process of the Europeanization of the text. The text of La^E  is occasionally found already in Nov and Tert and is actually further developed and used by Hil and Luc. La^E  itself appears in various forms, especially in the Spanish and Italian (La^S  and La^I).
La^S  is represented best by codd 100 and 101, and less well by cod 102. Similarly it is present in the glosses of codd 91-95, and also in the citations of Gregory of Elvira, in a large part of Spec and in PsAug Hypomnesticon. Witness to the text first appears towards the end of the 4th Century, and spreads out more and more in the 5th and 6th Centuries.
La^I  is used in codd 103 and 111, and in part also in codd 91-95. Patristic witnesses are Ambr, Ruf, Hi and Aug. Aug changed over from La^E  to La^I  between 393 and 400 A.D., but does show a tendency to correct La^I  according to the Greek. This corrected text is designated La^A . In similar fashion the designation La^M  is used when Ambr revised La^I . The independent witness to hexaplaric readings by Hi in hisQuaestare dubbed La^O, whereas the designation La^P refer to such independent witness over against La^I  in readings in Quodv Prom. And finally La^X  is used to identify Latin citations of non-La translations from the Greek in Iub and PsPhil.
In the apparatus the simple designation La is used for readings suppor­ted by at last two texttypes.
Abbreviations for Latin Patristic citations are listed below. The abbreviations given in parentheses are those used in Fischer's Verzeich­nis, where more specific information is given.

Ambr (Am) = Ambrosius

Ambrst (Amst) = Ambrosiaster

ApocPaul (AP-Apc Pau) = Apocalpsis Pauli seu Visio Pauli

Arnob (AR) = Arnobius the Younger

Aug (AU) = Augustinus

Barn (BAR) = Epistula Barnabae

BrevGoth (Brev. Goth) = Breviarium Gothicum

Caes (CAE) = Caesarius

Cassiod (CAr) = Cassiodorus

Chr (CHRY) = Chrysostomus

ClaudMam (CLAU) = Claudianus Mamertus

ClemR (CLE-R) = Clemens Romanus

Commod (COM) = Commodianus

Comm symb Nic (AN sy) = Commentarius in Symbolum Nicaenum

Concil (CO) = Concilia Oecumenica
Concil (Cyr) (CYR CO) = Cyrillus, Scholia de incarnatione Unigeniti

Cyp (CY) = Cyprianus

CyrGall (CY-G) = Cyprianus presbyter

DionExig (DION-E) = Dionysius Exiguus

Epiph (EP-L) = Epiphanius Latinus

Eucher (EUCH) = Eucherius

Eust (EUST) = Eustathius

Evagr (EVA-A) = Evagrius of Antioch

Fil (FIL) = Filastrius

FirmMat (FIR) = Firmicus Maternus

GregIl (GR-I) = Gregory of Illiberis

Hes (HES) = Hieronymus of Jerusalem

Hi (HI) = Hieronymus [Jerome]

Hil (HIL) = Hilarius

Hippol (AN) = Hippolytus

IohCass (CAn) = Johannes Cassianus

Iren (IR) = Irenaeus

Isid (IS) = Isidor

Iub (AP-V Jub) = Liber Jubilaeorum [Jubilees]

IulEcl (JUL-E) = Julianus of Eclanum

Lib geneal (AN gen) = Liber genealogus

Luc (LUC) = Lucifer of Cagliari

MarVic (MAR) = C. Marius Victorinus

Max (MAXn) = Maximinus

MaxT (MAX) = Maximus of Turin

MissMoz (M-M) = Missale Mozarabicum

Nov (NO) = Novatianus

Opt (OPT) = Optatus

Or (ORI) = Origenes

PaulNora (PAU-N) = Paulinus of Nola

Pel (PEL) = Pelagius, Brite

Pel I (PEL I.) = Pope Pelagius I

PetrChr (PET-C) = Petrus Chrysologus

Prisc (PRIS) = Priscillianus

Prol geneal in hispan mss (PROL gen) = Genealogies at the beginning of Spanish Biblical Mss.

Prosp (PROS) = Prosper of Aquitanien

PsAug (PS-AU) = Pseudo-Augustinus

PsCyp (PS-CY) = Pseudo-Cyprianus

PsEus (PS-EUS-C) = Pseudo-Eusebius of Caesarea

PsMar (PS-MAR) = Pseudo-Marius Victorinus

PsPhil (PS-PHo) = Pseudo-Philo

PsRuf (PS-RUF) = Pseudo-Rufinus

PsVig (PS-VIG) = Pseudo-Vigilius of Thapsus

QIulHil (HILn) = Quintus Iulius Hilarianus

Quodv (QU) = Quodvultdeus

Ruf (RUF) = Rufinus

Spec (PS-AU spe) = Liber de divinis scripturi sive Speculum quod fertur S. Augustini

Tert (TE) = Tertullianus

TestPatr (AN te) = Testimonia de Patre et Filio et Spirito Sancto

Tyc (TY) = Tyconius

Victor (VICn) = Victorinus of Pettau

VigilTh (VIG-T) = Vigilius of Thapsis

Zeno (ZE) = Zeno of Verona

2. The Ethiopic Version = Aeth

The edition of A. Dillmann (VT Aeth. I.Octateuchus Aethiopicus, Leipzig 1853) was based in the first instance on Codex Londinensis (Cod F), a Ms which was written not later than the early 15th Century. For his edition
Dillmann used three further mss: a) Cod H (Codex Halensis), a copy of Codex F undertaken by J.H. Michaelis. This text is occasionally shown in the apparatus to demonstrate its dependency on Cod F, but it has no independent significance. b) Cod C (Codex Francofurtensis, a ms from the 17th Century, and c) Codex G (Codex Bodleianus), a carelessly written ms from the 18th Century.

Of these mss C and G constitute a later recension of doubtful value. Although its text is closer to MT, the source of the recension is unknown. The recension is obviously not based on any of the known Greek sources. It is thus then of very little interest, and its readings are cited only when they happen to agree with other witnesses. It should also be said that the texts of C and G are by no means identical. Cod G seems to be based on a parent which appears to have developed somewhat further from an originally revised text.

In 1909 there appeared O. Boyd's The Octateuch in Ethiopic, Pt.1: Genesis. For this edition the text of Codex Parisiensis (Cod P: Zotenberg 3) was simply copied with only a few corrections. The copy of this ms was dated in a colophon as 1270-1285. It is thus according to this information the oldest extant ms of the Ethiopic Genesis. The text shows no trace of a revised text. The readings of Codd C F G H were taken over from Dillmann, together with those of Codex Haverfordiensis (Cod R). Cod R was written in the 16th or early 17th Century, though its parent text appears to have been an older ms. Its text underwent a quite thoroughgoing revision on the basis of a revised text. This revision usually agrees with C, and in the apparatus is designated as Aeth^Ra.

Not to the same extent a Ms from the 14th Century was collated (Pistoia, Bibl. Fortegueriana, Fondo Martini 5 = Cod M\^1/

I express my thanks to Dr. W. Baars for this information.¯ This was collated by the editor on the basis of a microfilm which the Library in Pistoia had provided. Its text was not influenced by a revised text, and occasionally it provides a better reading than F P or R*. The state of the older text, which is represented by its common witness with F M P and R* is nevertheless quite unsatisfactory, since the text is often clearly corrupt. The text has numerous doublets and glosses, which do not seem to the editor to be original text. Since this concerns unique readings, these are of little interest to the LXX student and consequently are not recorded in the apparatus. That the text of these mss is the product of a long text history, which has resulted in a rather unsatisfactory result is especially shown in the tradition of proper names. In chapters 10, 11,14, 25 and 36 in which a large number of names appear it is often difficult to decide which Ethiopic names correspond to any individual Greek names. Insofar as these are often purely inner Ethiopic they are not taken up in the apparatus. The Ethiopic version is significant since it is ultimately based on a prehexaplaric or in any event on a non-hexaplaric text. It is, however, a quite free rendering, and has to be very carefully examined with a degree of scepticism.

3. The Arabic Version = Arab

For a complete analysis of Arab see J.W.Wevers, The Textual Affinities of the Arabic Genesis of Bib.Nat.Arab 9, in Studies of the Ancient Palestinian World, ed. by J.W.Wevers and D.B.Redford (Toronto Semitic Texts and Studies II), Toronto 1971.
There are quite a number of Arabic translations of Genesis. The Arabic text printed in the Paris Polyglot, and reprinted in the London Polyglot, is that of Saadia Gaon. This version was made directly from the Hebrew, though it was strongly influenced by its Islamic environment. Lagarde's edition of the Leiden ms, Warner Arab 377, in "Materialien zur Kritik und Geschichte des Pentateuchs", represents that version.

In the second part of the same volume Lagarde published another Leiden text, the Qarshuni ms, Scaliger Arab 230. This is a Arabic catena text of Genesis with numerous extracts, especially from works by Ephraem the Syrian, Chrysostom, Jacob of Edessa and Jacob of Sarug. The Lemmata consists of somewhat less than two thirds of the Genesis text, and represents a popular translation of Syh. This text is known from at least four mss, which the late W. Reimpell personally copied in 1911, and is found in the possession of the LXX-Unternehmen. The text is a seemingly free translation from the Syriac, and is on the whole unrecognized for this edition; on the occasions when it is cited it is designated as Arab^L.

J.F.Rhodes (The Arabic Versions of the Pentateuch in the Church of Egypt, Leipzig 1921) mentions two different Christian-Arabic versions, which were in use in Egypt. One of these is a translation from the Coptic for the Jacobite or Coptic Church, and the second, which was used by the Melkite Church, was a translation directly from the Greek. There are six known mss of this latter version, viz., Bibl.Nat, Arab 9, 10, 11, 19, Oxford, Bodl. Libr. Pocock and March 440. The ms best written according to Rhodes was Bibl.Nat., Arab 9, a complete Pentateuch ms from the 13th Century without tafsir. This ms was fully collated for this edition.

The version is a free rendering of its parent Greek, and seeks to condense, wherever possible. The ms contains a large number of parablepses. Uniquely witnessed readings are not mentioned in the apparatus. The version was strongly influenced by the popular version of Saadia Gaon, and such instances which seem to be influenced by the Hebrew are to be attributed to it rather than to direct Hebrew influence.

4. The Armenian Version = Arm

The Old Armenian version was collated on the basis of Zohrab's edition of the year 1805. The parent text for Arm was strongly influenced by O, as an occasional asterisk (though always without an obelus) shows. Thus at 27,46 γυναικα] + ( Arm απο των θυγατερων (υιων 82) χετ O^{-17' 135} Arm. The asterisks are nevertheless often of uncertain value. because the copyist (or the translator) did not always understand their intent. For example, at 29,10 an asterisk precedes και τα προβατα λαβαν του αδελφου της μητρος αυτου. Since this text is attested in M 911 O'^{-72 135} 57-413^mg 44-107ÿb'-370 53-246 130^mg -343-344' 392 z Or La^E Arm Co (c var), the asterisk hardly represents the hexaplaric text. After all, it should not be unnoticed that the majority of the O group supports the text. That Arm often supports O is clear from such passages where Arm and O both support plusses which are not under the asterisk, but are undoubtedly hexaplaric. A clear example occurs at 31,34 fin ] + και διεψηλαφησε(ν) λαβαν συμπασαν την σκηνην και ουχ ευρε(ν) (c var) F^b O' 318 Arm = MT, similarly 31,42 μου 1°] +ς O^{-17' 58} Arm = MT.

Arm is an excellent witness for the text of O, but it does not slavishly follow it as Syh does, but has preserved a certain freedom of expression. Armenian is a highly inflected type of language in which word order is relatively insignificant. Although it could quite readily have followed the Greek word order, it varies considerably in the ordering of words. E.g. the O text of 41,33a reads νυν ουν σκεψατο φαραω ανθρωπον φρονιμον και συνετον, Arm places Pharaoh at the end. The O-text of 42,11a reads παντες εσμεν υιοι ενος ανθρωπου ημεις. Arm transposes εσμεν υιοι and places the pronoun ημεις at the beginning of the sentence.

Because of this and other free renderings unique readings of such kinds in Arm such are not usually placed in the apparatus.

Zohrab's apparatus does show variants but only either with "a ms" or "mss" as source without further ado. Because of this no individual Arm mss could be noted. In fact, variants in Zohrab are simple designated as Arm^ap in his apparatus. Which mss were used by Zohrab is unknown. At least three from Venice and two from Vienna were apparently available to him. For the history of the Armenian Bible translation and available mss see now H.S.Anasian, Astvadzashunch madyani haygagan pþ§1nakirþ§1 (Die Usprünge der armen. Bibel). Echmiadzin (Yerevan) XI-XII (1966). 71-79.

5. The Coptic Versions = Co

a) The Achmimic Version = Ach

The only ms witness extant for an Achmimic Version is in a fragmentary piece, which contains the text of 1,18-2,5. Edition: J. Leipoldt, Aegyptische Urkunden aus den koeniglichen Museen zu Berlin, Koptische Urkunden, Bd.I, Berlin 1904, No. 164. Remains of the Achmimic Version are also present in C.Schmidt, Der erste Clemensbrief in altkoptischer Uebersetzung, TU 32/1, Leipzig 1908. It involves the following Gen citation in the first Letter of Clement: 1,26a 27 28 2,23a 4,3-8 12,1-3 13,14b-16 15,5-6 18,27b 22,17a.

b) The Bohairic Version = Bo

It had been universally accepted up to the present that Bo represented a late translation and was essentially less valuable than the Sahidic. But with the publication of Papyrus Bodmer III it became apparent that Bo existed already in the 4th Century; in consequence, Bo now hes taken on a new significance.

Bo belongs to the Egyptian group which is represented not only by the Ethiopic and the Arabic, but also by the Coptic versions. This becomes clear from the number of unique readings which these versions have in common. Cf. the rather large lists of readings which Bo Sa and Arab or at least two of these, have in common, and to somewhat lesser extent also shared by Aeth, in J.W.Wevers, Toronto Semitic Texts and Studies II, Toronto 1971.

Bo was collated according to the following editions:

Bo^W = D. Wilkins, Quinque libri Moysis prophetae in lingua aegyptia, London 1731. The basis is a Vatican ms.

Bo^L = P.A. de Lagarde, Der Pentateuch koptisch, Leipzig 1867. Lagarde's edition is based on the edition of Wilkins, but was corrected on the basis of a ms of the Tattum Collection. Lagarde brings a catalogue of variants in his edition from that of Tattum. Occasionally these are noted as Bo^Tattam.

Bo^M = A. Mallon, Grammaire Copte, Quatriεme edition revue par M. Madinene, Beyrouth 1956. The Bo text Gen 39-45 is copied from the Ms, Paris, Bibl.Nat., Copte I.

Bo^K = R. Kasser, Papyrus Bodmer III. évangile de Jean et Genèse I-IV,2 in bohairic (CSCO, Scriptores Coptici 25, 1958).

c) The Fayyumic Version = Fa

The only extant Fa text is found in No.411 of W.E.Crum, Cat. of the Coptic mss. in the collection of the John Rylands Library, Manchester 1909. A citation of Fa text whih equals 27,41 εγγισατωσαν - fin obtains in it.

d) The Sahidic Version = Sa

Sa was ostensibly the earliest Egyptian translation from the Greek. A complete ms of Genesis is not extant, although quite a number of text pieces have been found and published, so that a large part of Genesis has now been discovered. When texts exist in more than one copy and their readings vary from each other, these variant texts are represented in the apparatus by a raised number.

The following mss were collated:

Sa¹ = O.von Lemm, Sahidische Bibelfragmente, Bulletin de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint Pétersbourg, V^e Série, XXV,4. St. Pétersbourg 1906. Cod. orient. Berolin for.1605. fol.1 = 1,19-28.

Sa²  = as Sa¹, Collection Golenischeff = 9,2-22.

Sa³ = L.Th.Lefort, Les Manuscrits Coptes de l'Université de Louvain, Louvain 1940.
Contents: 3,2-14 17,11-13 27 18,1, 6-9, 23-26 29-32 19,12-15 17-20 34-36 20,1-4 21,1-4 8-12 26-29 32-34 22,1 13-15 18-20 23,13-16 18-20 24,1 14 15 19-22, 38-40, 43 44 60-62 66 67 25,1 2 19-21 24-27 26,8-10 14-16, 29-32 27,1-4 21-23 27-29 41 42 46 28,1 2 14-16 20-22 29,13-15 19-22 30,3-6 9-14 29-31 33-35 31,3-6 9-12 26-29 32 33 45-47 49-53 32,11-13 16-18 32 33,1 2 5-8 34,3-6 9-11 24-26 30 31 35,12-14 17-20 36,7-11 15-17 35-38 40-43 37,13-16 19-22 35 36 38,4-8 20-23 25-27 39,9-11 14-16 40,6-8 12-14 41,4-6 9-12 26-28 31-34 48-50 53-55 42,14-16 20-22 36-38 43,2-5 17-19 22-25 44,2-4 7-10 22-25 27-30 45,8 9 12-14 28 46,1 2 5-7 20-22 27-29 47,5-7 11 12 22-24 26-28 48,10-12 15 16 49,6-9 11-14 30 31 50,3 4 17-18 22-24. All the above text pieces are fragmentary.

Sa⁴ = A. Erman, Bruchstücke der oberaegyptischen Übersetzung des alten Testaments. Nachr.v.d.Kön.G.d.W.u.d.G.A.Universität zu Göttingen, Nr.12, Göttingen 1880. Cod. Bibl. Bodl.: Hunt 5. Contents 48,1-19.

Sa⁵ = W. Till, Saidische Fragmente des alten Testaments. Le Muséon 50 (1937) 175-237. Vienna, Nat. Bibl., K.2598, 8690 and 8646. Contents: 24,38 46-47 42,20-23 32-35 45,9 19-20. All the texts are fragmentary.

Sa⁶ = J. Schleifer, Sahidische Bibel-Fragmente aus dem British Museum zu London II. Sitzungb.d.Kais.A.d.W. in Wien, philos.-hist.Kl. 164,6. Vienna 1911. British Museum, Or. 3579A. Contents: 14,17-20 20,6-18. Fragmentary.

Sa⁷ = L.A.Shier, Old Testament Texts in Vellum. Coptic Texts in the Univ. of Michigan Collection, ed. by W.H.Worrell. Univ. of Michigan Studies, Humanistic Ser. 46, Ann Arbor 1942. a) Mich. MS 158,1. Contents: 24,65-67 25,1-17. b) P.Mich. 591. Contents: 50,9-15. Both texts are fragmentary.

Sa⁸ = J.E. Gilmore and P. Le Page Renouf, Coptic Fragments, ProcSBA 17, 1895. Parchment leaf, with 13,11-14,6.

Sa⁹ = E.O.Winstedt, Sahidic Biblical Fragments in the Bodleian Library, ProcSBA 25, 1903. Bodl. ms. Coptic d.2. Contents: 7,13=20.

Sa¹⁰ = H.Munier, Recueil de Manuscrits Coptes de l'Ancient et du Nouveau Testament. Bull. de l'Inst.fr. d'arch. or. du Caire 12, 1916. Two Hamouli-leaves from a Coptic Bible. Contents: 36,17-39 40,5-21*.

Sa¹¹ = W,E,Crum, Short texts from Coptic ostraca and papyri, London 1921. No.1 = 3,22 (fragmentary)

Sa¹² = W.E.Crum, Catalogue of the Coptic manuscripts in the collection of the John Rylands Library Manchester, Manchester 1909. No.1 = 26,21-29(?). Fragmentary.

Sa¹³ = P.E.Kahle, Bala'izah: Coptic Texts from Deir al-Bala'izah in Upper Egypt. Vol. I, Oxford 1954, 293-296. Contents: a) 21,28-22,6. b) 29,11-16.

Sa¹⁴ = H.Munier, Sur deux passages de la Genèse en copte sahidique. Ann. du Serv. des Antiq. 13, Le Caire 1913, 287. Contents: a)40,8-19. b)41,45-55.

Sa¹⁵ = A.E.Brooke, Sahidic Fragments of the OT. JThSt 8 (1906) 67-74. Paris, Bibl.Nat., Copte 129^{1  f.4 and 11. Contents: 9,17-19 21-26 29,20-23 24-25.}

Sa¹⁶ = Ch. Ceugney, Quelques fragments coptes thébains inédits de la Bibl. Nat., Receuil de Travaux relatifs à l'Arch. ég. et assyr.2. Paris 1881, 94-105. Paris, Bibl. Nat., ms.102. Contents: 31,54-32,11.

Sa¹⁷ = C.Wessely, Griechische und Koptische Texte theol. Inhalts I. Studien zr Paläographie und Papyruskunde IX, Leipzig 1909. K.9876. Contents:12,1-7 49,20-28.

Sa¹⁸ = cf. Sa¹⁷, IV. Studien ... XV, Leipzig 1914. Vienna, Staats-Bibl., Collection Erzherzog Rainer 206-210 216. Contents: 4,14-5,5a 15,9-16,8a 18,7-19,34 20,1-21,8(9a) 35,18-19 36,1-9 41,5-23a 48,20-49,15.

Sa¹⁹ = G. Maspéro, Fragments de la version thébaine de l'Ancien Testament. Mém.publ. par les membres de la mission arch. fr.au Caire VI, fasc.1, Paris 1892. Contents: 2,9-23 5,5-29 7,13-24 8,1-13 11,11-27 15,8-9 25,5-11 28,4-29,19 29,35-30,11 30,13-17 20 24-29 31,8-44 35,4-19a 41,42-45 53-55 42,1-5 43,2-12 16-27 46,19-47,2 47,24-27 29-31 49,29-30 50,2-17 19-26.

Sa²⁰ = A.Ciasca, Sacrorum Bibliorun Fragmenta copto-sahidica Musei Borgiani iussu et sumptibus S. Conregationis de Propoganda Fide edita. Tom.I, Rome 1885. Contents: 3,8-24 6,5-20 22 7,1-13 16*-24 8,1-22 9,1 8-11* 11,9-32 12,1* 3*-20 13,1-18 14,1-2 17-24 15,1-20 16,1-5* 18,1-31* 21,14-21* 22,1-19* 29,25*-35 30,1-11* 28*-43 31,1-13 33-50 52-55 32,1-32 33,1-20 34,1-25 (defective) 39,6*-23 40,1-9* 48,1-19. All of these textpieces (except 48,1-19) were also published by E.Amélineau, Fragments thébains inédits de l'Ancien Testament. Receuil de Travaux relatifs à la philol. et à l'arch. ég. et assyr. VII, Paris 1886; the edition of A. is, however, inaccurate.

Sa²¹ = W,E,Crum, Catalogue of the Coptic Mss. in the British Museum, London 1905. No.932. Brit. Mus., Or. 5287 (3). Contents: 3,16-4,4.

6. The Palestinian-Syriac Version = Pal

Pal is a faithful rendering of a prehexaplaric Greek parent. It tends occasionally to abbreviate the text slightly in that it may omit a particle or an unnecessary subject, but nonetheless presents a fine early witness.

The following texts (apparently these are all lectionaries) are extant:

a) A.S.Lewis, A Palestinian Syriac Lectionary, Studia Sinaitica VI, London 1897. Contents: 1,1-3,24 6,9-9,19 18,1-5 18,18-19,30 22,1-19

b) G.Margoliouth, The Liturgy of the Nile, JRAS 1896, 677-731. Contents:
2,4-19.

c) F.Schulthess, Christlich-Palästinische Fragmente aus der Omajjaden-Moschee zu Damascus. Abh.d.Gφtt. Ges. d. Wiss., phil.-hist. Kl. NF 8 Berlin 1905 (=PalS). Contents (fragmentary): 19,1 λωτ 2°-19,2 ου εινεκεν 19,3 εποιησεν, ποτον - 19,5 προς σε 19,7-8 ανδρας 19,9 ...]θες παροικειν- ανδρες 49,24 του πατρος - 50,12 αυτω.

7. The Syro-hexaplaric Vesion = Syh

The following texts have been collated:

a) P.de Lagarde, Bibliotheca Syriaca, Göttingen 1892. Contents: 4,8*-9,24* 16,2-12* 20,1fin-12* 31,53*-32,12 36,2*-40,17 43,1*-47,16* 50,17*-26.

Lagarde's text is simply a copy of A.M. Ceriani, Pentateuchi Syrohexa­plaris quae supersunt cum notis, Monumenta Sacra et Profana II.Milan 1863,1-106, although Lagarde occasionally improves Cerini's text without indicating those as improvements (Syh^L).

b) J. Gwynn, Remnants of the Later Syriac Versions of the Bible in Two Parts, London 1909. A Leaf which has been placed in front of ms Brit. Mus., Add. 7145 fol.1. Contents: 26,26-31.

c) M.H.Gottstein, Neue Syrohexaplafragmente, Biblica 37 (1956), 162-183. Brit. Mus., Add. 14486 fol.14a, 14485 fol.98b and 42b. Contents: 24,10-28 27,6-19 30-40.

d) W. Baars, New Syro-Hexaplaric Texts, Leiden 1968. Contents: 1,1-19 15,1-21 19,1-14 28,10-22 32,13-22 25-33 49,1-7 8-18 19-28*.

e) A few unpublished texts in Lectionaries discovered by W.Baars = Syh^B.
Contents: 17,15-22 18,1-15 22,1-5 34,25-31 35,9-15.

f) An unpublished Pentateuch-ms from Tur 'Abdin in Turkey, of which 1,1-32,9 γενεσεως σου is lacking. Photographs of the ms. were graciously supplied to me by Dr. W.Baars of Leiden (now of Amsterdam). In his judgment the ms is from the 15th Century = Syh^T.

Syh in Genesis is one of the chief witnesses to the hexaplaric recen­sion. It presents a word for word rendering, and has a huge amount of hexa­plaric signs. Hexaplaric plusses are regularly witnessed by Syh. The witness to the hexaplaric signs is not always trustworthy, in fact occasionally very badly confused, especially in texts dealing with times. In common with Semitic usage Syh the word for "year" is repeated in complex indications of time, whereas in Greek it is given only once. Thus at 5,7 both in ετη επτα (και) επτακοσια and επτα (και) επτακοσια ετη are good Greek. Syh has ετη at both numbers in both cases, but with the first ετη under the ast. For such a text there are no Greek witnesses nor is it probable that Origen would have Hebraized so drastically. But in spite of this the text of Syh is of primary importance for the reconstruction of the hexapla. For further information see J.W.Wevers in THGG.

III. Printed Editions

Especially important are the three great old Bibles: the Aldine (Ald), the Complutensian (Compl) and the Sixtine (Sixt). Thse have been fully collated for the present volume. The principles according to which they have been collated are given below. Of the three the Sixtine has been reprinted many times; for this edition only the original texts have been used.

1. Aldina (Ald)

Ald was published in 1518 and was intended as a critical text based on various mss. For Genesis the text is large based on mss 31 and 122 ( or possibly on 68, a copy of 122). Ald is cited only if its text differs from the readings common to 31 and 122.

2. Complutensis (Compl)

The first volume of Compl bears the date 1514, but was only first pub­lished in 1520. The text is based on the mss 19' and 108, but it appears that ms 53 was also used, since it shares a number of unique readings with 53. Compl is only cited in the apparatus when it disagrees with 19' and 108.

3. Sixtina (Sixt)

Sixt is undoubtedly the most learned of the three Bible editions. It appeared in 1587 and was based on Cod. B, though a large number of other texts were also consulted. It is in actual fact a critical edition. It is almost always collated for the apparatus.

Grabe's Edition (the Octateuch was published in 1707) presents an eclectic text based on Cod. A. The system on which his edition is based is rather complicated, though it does allow all deviations from A to be immedi­ately observed. The edition has not been collated for the apparatus; only a few of his conjectures have been noted.

5. Holmes-Parsons (H.-P.)

Vol.1 of this prodigious work (Pentateuch) was published in 1798 under the editorship of Holmes. Its purpose was to present a complete collation of all available mss, all versions as well as patristic sources. The printed text, according to which collations by a large number of learned individuals and scholars were made, was the Sixtina. H.-P.'s value lies in the fact that some mss now lost were collated. All the collations in this book are, however, new, and no collations of H.-P. are used in it.

6. Lagarde (Lag)

Two editions of Genesis have been published by Lagarde. Lag appeared as a Genesis-edition in 1868. For the second edition Lagarde intended to reconstruct the great recensions in order to restore through these recensions the original LXX. The only volume to appear was published in 1883. It presented a text, which Lagarde considered to be the Lucianic recension of Genesis to Esther. Since the mss on which Lagarde based his text have all been recollated, this text does not appear in the apparatus.

6. Brooke-McLean (Br.-M.)

The large Cambridge LXX presented - as in the Manual edition of Swete 1887 - the text of Cod. B, in which only obvious scribal errors were corrected. Where the text of B was not extant, Cod. A was used. or when that also was lacking, another uncial text was substituted. Br.-M. used a carefully chosen selection of mss. as well as the important versions and some patristic evidence. The edition of Genesis appeared in 1906. This presented an extraordinarily valuable fund of material evidence which made the scientific study of the LXX possible. All of the mss used by Br.-M. were recollated by the Unternehmen. A list of deviations from Br.-M. in the ms collations is given in a Supplement of this edition (but not of the hexaplaric material).

8. Rahlfs, Genesis 1926 (Ra^G)

This edition was intended as the first volume in the proposed series of critical editions, but was actually only a junior "Probe." The edition relied on the collations of Br.-M. rather than on a recollation of mss. For the large parts of Genesis for which Syh was then not available Rahlfs used an Arabic translation of Syh. For this see II 3 supra. On the basis of these collations he presented his own reconstruction of LXX, which constituted the first critical text of modern times. The text is first-rate, often superior to the later manual edition (for which cf. no.9 below). He also organized the text tradition into groups according to text families. This edition served to a great extent as model for the critical editions to follow. In fact, the present volume has by reason of an actually much larger amount of material and a new collation of mss come to only slightly other conclusions than that of Ra^G. Nonetheless Ra^G remains a valuable piece of work.

9. Rahlfs, Septuaginta, 1935 (Ra^S)

This manual edition contains the entire Greek OT. The text is actually based on a comparison of the three Uncial mss A B and S. For Gen the readings of ms 911 are occasionally mentioned, as well as hexapharic plusses are noted. As far as the critical text of Genesis is concerned, Ra^G is far superior to that of Ra^S, since its text was based on a consideration of a much larger amount of material.

The Text History is extensively discussed in J.W.Wevers, THGG. Here only information necessary for the use of this edition is given. For an evaluation of the value of the large Genesis-papyri 911 961 and 962 see A. Pietersma, Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri IV and V) Am. Studies in Papyrology, XVI, Toronto and Saratoga 1977.

I. Recensions and text groups in the LXX tradition

O = G-15-17-29-58-71-82-135-376-400-426-707 (=707 or 707^I) Syh

O' = O+oI   15' = 15 + 82    17' = 17 + 400   72' = 72 + 707 (or 707^I)    135' = 135 + 376    376' = 376 + 426    64' = 64 + 708    381' = 381 + 618

Hexaplaric signs are to be found principally in G, Syh and on the margins of Mss of the s-group. A few asterisks obtain in Arm, but there the metobelus is lacking. Arm is a secondary witness for O, and must be cited with caution.

2. The C-group

C = 14-16-25-77-128-131-414-422-500-551-646-739

C' = C+cI    C' = C+cII   C'’ = C+cI+cII   cI' = cI+cII  

The divisions C, cI and cII merely designate group divisions, without making any judgment on priorities. E.g., C is not more representative of the text of the Catena-text than either cI or cII.
C'’ presents a late popular text especially favoured by Catena mss; But not all Catena mss provide witness to the Catena text. So e.g. mss 31 and 135 are both Catena mss, but are witnesses for z and O resp.
Within C mss 14'-77'-500' are usually together, but 128, and even more so 646, are somewhat dubious as to their inclusion. 128, especially in the last part of Genesis, seems to be more closely related to 31' and 346 than to the C group, and throughout the entire Genesis has a large number of divergences from the group. But it must be admitted that in its character it is closer to C than to any other group.

3. The b-group

b = 18(from 47,15)-19-108-118-314-537-Bs(to 46,28)

Bs designates the text filling in for the lost text of 1,1-46,28 in B, and is a copy of the text of 19 in the 15th Century. Within the b group 19'-108 as well as 118'-537 offer unique readings.

4. The d-group

d = 44-106-107-125-370(from 25,5)-610

Within the d group 107'-125 often differ from that of the other members, although 125 is often just as closely related to 44'. Charac­teristic of 44'-125 are textual changes, especially the omission of articles and conjunctions. Closely related to the d text is
the t group.

5. The f-group

f = 53-56-129-246-664

53' often has distinctive readings. The group is especially signi­ficant since in the few chapters in which B is extant B is clearly closer to this group than to any other. 53' and 56 have undergone considerably cor­rections, but apparently the corrections are of the same group. The text of 56 was corrected at least three times, but it is practically impossible to distinguish among the correctors.

6. The n-group.

n = 75-458

In spite of the fact that both mss of this group are filled with instances of errors due to carelessness, a separate group clearly remains. For its presumed Lucianic character see J.W.Wevers in THGG.

7. The s-group

s = 30-85-127-130-343-344-730(from 26,13)

The s group has been influenced by the Orecension. The mss of this group contain numerous hexaplaric readings on the margins, especially 85-130 and 344'.

8. The t-group

t = 46-74-76(to 42,1)-84-134-370(to 25,5)-799(to 36,7)

It would be reasonable to take the t group as part of the d group, with which it is intimately related. But it does have numerous readings which deviate from d, and in the matter of proper nouns, it industriously avoids itacisms.

9. The y-group

y = 71-121-318-346-392-424-527-619

The y group is not a unified group. It is nevertheless designated as a group since its mss consistently are most strongly influenced by the A text-tradi­tion. The mss which agree most often with A are 121 and 318. The ms pair 71' presents more unique readings than all the others.

10. The z-group

z = 31-120-122-407 Ald

Ms 68 which is a copy of 122 and thus was collated for only one chapter (50) also belongs to this group. Ald is mainly based on 31' (and 68). Ald is cited in the apparatus only when it deviates from 31'. The z group is closely related to y.

II. The Later Greek Versions.

The chief source for readings of other translations, which are later than the actual LXX is the margins of mss. Most of these are readings of the well-known "The three" (οι γ'), i.e. Aquila, Symmachus and Theodotion, though numerous others are recognized such as ο συρος, το σαμαρ(ε)ιτικον or ο εβραιος. These apparently refer to other translations, though their derivation remains to a great extent unexplained.

The second apparatus contains numerous references which are simply dubbed αλλος. Apparently the source of such is unknown, although in many instances the source is given in other mss. These seemingly are not actual LXX-readings and for that reason belong to the second apparatus rather than to the first. Here it must concern readings which are given sine nomine. It is by no means obvious that all these readings, especially when they are single words automatically belong to other translations, particularly since many scribes may have considered it useful to give equivalents for certain expressions which were not necessarily understood. This is particularly the case with Cod. M, the margin of which is a rich source for readings of the "Three". Instances which apparently represent lexical remarks are often not cited, although often it remains difficult to decide whether a reading should be noted, especially when one encounters a single word without a stated source. In general one probably would note such readings.

In view of the fact that the materials presented in the second apparatus is not at least in theory a collection of variants within the LXX tradition, but rather one such of readings from other traditions, especially from the "three", which have influenced the LXX
tradition, these readings are given in full. What this means is that the Greek is fully given with accents and breathing marks as for the critical text. This practice should also serve to call attention to the different character of the second apparatus.1 It is intended for further volumes in the series to follow this practice as well.

Unique readings of the second corrector of ms F, i.e. on F^b, are all placed in the second apparatus, regardless whether they occur on the margin or sup lin. With but one exception all the Fb readings are sine nomine, though they are obviously not original LXX readings. The exception is a reading at 47,31 designated as being το ιουδαϊκον.
Most of these are to be found in O' C'’ and s mss. The readings from the later Greek translations are scattered throughout 45 different mss. Unfortunately only two small papyrus fragments are particularly noteworthy, viz., 912 and 939. The former contains the text of 1,1-5 in two versions, LXX and α'. 939 is a fragment of a palimpsest text, and contains parts of 40,3-7 and 41,8-12 39-44 with numerous hexaplaric notes on the margin.

The following minuscles contain materials which have been placed in the second apparatus:

a) From the O group: 17-29(only 43,32)-58-135-376-400-707. The ms with the most marginal readings is 135, a Catena ms. Two mss of oI, 64 and 708, have readings, which are not LXX, with 64 being a rich source.

b) The C'’- group. Together with the s group it constitutes the chief source for non-LXX readings. Of these the richest source is cI.

The s group. With the exception of ms 30, all mss have materials which are not LXX in origin, though 85 and 344' are exceptionally productive. Ms 130 has numerous readings up to 31,19, often sine nom; after 31,19 130 no longer belongs to the s group.

d) Other mss: 56 108 106(only 33,17) 458 121(only 16,12)-246-392(only15,1)-527(only 36,24) 707^III. Readings occur in these mss only here and there, with the late ms 346 having more material than any of the others.

e) Catenas. The Commentary-text of the Catenas, in contrast to the lemmata, was not systematically collated, though a cursory examination did reveal that the patristic
commentaries which are collected in the Catena texts do contain a large number of
cases which confirm hexaplaric texts.
Among the versions only Syh contains hexaplaric materials of the "three", and wherever Syh is extant it is one of the richest source for such readings. Arm has preserved some asterisks in the text (but no metobeluses), though it does not cite any readings of
the "three".
Besides the Greek Biblical mss, readings of α', σ' and θ' are found in the Syriac Fathers Barh and Ish. The richest source among non-Greek Fathers is Jerome, Hebraicae Quaestiones in libro Geneseos (cited with pagination from CChr Series Latina LXXII), which offers 35 cases, followed by Ish 34, Barh 16, Tht 5, Eus 4, Or 3, Aug and Mel each 1.
These various readings have only seldom influenced the LXX tradition. Occasionally, however, certain of these readings have crept in the texts, especially in the n and the s groups. Such variants are always designated in the first apparatus by an ÿ| symbol.

f) Occasionally readings in the second apparatus have been taken over from Field. These are cases, which are attested only by Field in a reference to older authorities such as Nobilius or Montfaucon, or some ms no longer extant.

The general design of earlier volumes of the Göttingen Septuagint was continued also for Genesis. The changes are described below.

1. The Introduction

The Introduction is limited to those matters which are immediately necessary for the user of the edition. An extensive discussion of the text history is to be found in THGG, and everyone who is interested in a detailed presentation is referred to it.
Deviations from Br.-M are collectively listed in an Appendix, which in spite of their importance are not absolutely necessary for the use of this edition.

Another change from the earlier volumes removes the Orthographica and Grammatica from the Introduction and places them in a Supplement. For the construction of the edition the editor had to distinguish between real variants and variants which were only orthographic in nature; only the former were taken up in the first apparatus. Only for names are allvariants cited in the apparatus. The remaining variants are fully gathered in tables, although it remains questionable whether an index of scribal errors, itacisms, apocopations, aphaereses, syncopes, etc. have much if any immediate value for the user of a critical edition. In spite of this an account with examples of such has been provised in Supplement I.

2. The Critical Text

In contrast to earlier editions in this series it has now been decided that names will be provided with accents as well as when appropriate with spiritus asper or spiritus linis.

Since it must be presupposed that this text will be standard for a long time, the stance taken by the editor over against the critical text was intentionally conservative. In general conjectures were avoided, even though it might be expected that future recognition would possibly confirm such conjectures.

It must be clearly evident that the critical text here offered labored under certain limitations. The mss, versions and patristic witnesses which are available to us bring us with few and small exceptions no further back than the second century of our era. Although we do know on the basis of second and third century B.C.E. papyri something about the character of every day Greek used, our knowledge of contemporary literary Greek is very limited indeed. In other words, the critical text here offered is an approximation of the original LXX text, hopefully the best which could be reconstructed on the basis of the present level of our knowledge. The editor entertains no illusion that he has restored throughout the original text of the LXX.

3. The List of Sources

Between Text and Apparatus I, a list of all the ms witnesses and versions used are given in the same order as in the apparatus. Cf for this the paragraphs below. A witness whose text is fragmentary appears in parentheses, for ex. (16). Should such a text begin on a particular page the number would appear with a following hyphen, for ex. (16-). Should the text of a witness end on such a page, the hyphen would precede the number, for ex. (-16).

Should a piece of text be lacking due to some external circumstance in a particular ms, this is noted in the Source-List. For ex. if ms 17 lacks the text this is shown as O^-17. What this means is that the entire O except 17 (which belongs to O) has the text in question. The abbreviation al (for alia manuscripta) refers to the mss which belong to no particular group, i.e. the so-called codices mixti as well as mss which are too fragmentary to allow classification. The expression verss designates all the versions which have the complete text of Genesis. Versions such as Syh to (31,53) and Pal, whose texts are not complete are listed at the end of the Source-List.

4. Apparatus I

The witnesses for a variant are always arranged in a set order: a) the uncial texts in alphabetic order; b) the papyri in numerical order; c) the witnesses of the O' mss; d) the witnesses of the C'’ mss; e) the remaining text families (comp Section B I above) in alphabetical order; f) the rest of the Greek evidence in the following order: N.T. witnesses, Ios, Phil, followed by the rest of the Greek writers in alpha­betic order; g) La (or the sub-groups, for ex. La^I La^s, etc.), followed by the other versions in alphabetic order; h) citations of the Latin Fathers, introduced by the sign Lat (these witnesses always stand in opposition to La or a sub-group of La); i) otherwitnesses or commentaries.

In three cases this edition diverges from earlier volumes in the series: It is to be hoped that the raised ^Lat will serve to call attention to the Latin Fathers, and especially in such cases evince greater clarity, where no version intervenes between Greek and Latin Fathers. A second deviation has greater significance, viz., the placing of the witnesses of f) before g). This is introduced in order to put all the Greek evidence together, as well as to avoid a situation in which a variant is supported only by versions and patristic witnesses would be cited in such an order that Greek witnesses would appear after the versions. A third divergence is the extended use of "sed hab" readings in parentheses immediately after and in contrast to the testimony of a variant. Thus the statement ο θεος] κς La (sed hab Ambr passim) means that La assuredly read dominus, but Ambrosius without exception read deus with the LXX-tradition.

5. Apparatus II

The basic theory undergirding Apparatus II was already explained under B II. Unless otherwise stated, the noted variants always concern marginal readings. Readings of the later translators which are found in the Commentary texts of Catena Mss and are identified as belonging to a particular patristic source are designated by a raised ^comm (for ex. 31^{comm Tht}); If such are not attributed to a particular Father, a raised ^cat is added (for ex. 31^cat).

D. Signs and Abbreviations

C^-25 Mss deviating from a group are shown by a raised minus sign, so C^-25 means all of C except 25. Similarly Aeth^-P
means all the Aeth texts except P.

* means the original reading of a ms.

c = later corrections

c pr m (c pr m) = a correction of the first hand.

c1 = the first corrector

c2 = the second corrector

s refers to the suppletor as for ex. B^sin Gen1,1-46,28, or
the restorer as B^s  in Gen 50,15. The raised ^s  cannot
contrast with *. When ^srefers to a suppletor such raised
signs as *, ^c, ^c, ^pr, ^m can be added. Ex. B^s*

txt means a textual reading in mss

mg = a marginal reading in mss

(txt) means a marginal reading in mss, which does not contrast
with a Text reading because the ms has an omission in the
text, so that the text has been copied on the margin.
For ex 31^(mg) in Gen 9,16 (31^txt omits 9,16-29

txt*,txt^c,mg*,mg^c are used if a txt- or margin- shows a correction

^te refers to readings in the text of editions

^ap refers to readings (variants) in the apparatus of editions

^lem refers to Lemma readings in Catena mss

cat (in App. 1) refers to readings in Catena in contrast to Lemma readings

cat(in App.2) means the reading comes from the Catena of a Catena ms

comm(in App.2) means the reading from Catena attributed to a particular Church Father, for ex 31^{comm Tht}

vid means the reading is uncertain, for ex 31^(vid)

vid = readings where it is uncertain whether they are original or corrected, for ex. 31*^vid

^ms(s) refers to codex(-ices) of the Vulgate

Lat introduces series of Latin Fathers

||                    indicates a page or column change

ọ                   a dot under a letter means that the letter cannot be read with certainty                  

+, add indicates a plus

>, om indicates an omission

∩       indicates omission due to homoioteleuton

(ν) means that the enclosed letter is omitted in various mss, for ex εστι(ν)

[...] shows that three letters cannot be read in a ms.

...]αι, αι[... means that only αι can be read in a ms

[ωσ]ει means that ωσ is conjectured

<> means a symbol added contrary to the tradition

{}                  means a symbol omitted contary to the tradition

×  ÷ (~)        are asterisk and obelus

←                 means metobelus

MT = the Masoretic text

absc = abscissus
App = apparatus
cf  = confer
cod(d) = codex (-dices)
corr = correctura
c var = cum variis (lectionibus)
del = deletus
dess = desunt
dittogr = dittographia
ed(d) = editio (-tiones)
Gen = textus criticus
hab = habe(n)t
haplogr = haplolographia
homoiar = homoiarcton
inc = incertus
init = initium
litt = littera(e)
mend = mendose
metob = metobelus
ms(s) = manuscriptum (-ta)
mutil = mutilatum
omn codd = omnes codices
pap = papyrus
pl = plures
plur = pluraliter
pr = praemittit (-tunt)
praef = praefatio
pr m = prima manus
ras = rasura
relict = relictus
rell = reliqui
rescr = rescriptus
s = sine
s ind = sine indice
s nom = sine nomine
s ss = sequens, sequentes (for pages)
scr = scripsit (-serunt)
sed hab = sed habe(n)t
sing = singulariter
spat = spatium
sup lin = supra lineam
sup ras = supra rasuram
superscr = superscripsit
tr = transposuit (-suerunt)
ult = ultimus
vers(s) = versio (-ones)
vid = ut videtur

Recensions and Ms-groups

G = G-15-17-29-58-72-82-135-400-426-707 Arm La^O Syh

oI = 64-381-618-799 (from 36,8)

O' = O+oI

C = 14-16-25-77-128-131-414-422-500-551-646-739

cI = 57-73-78-413-550

cII = 18(to 47,15)-52-54(from 22,21)-79-313-408-569-615-761

C'’ = C+cI+cII   C' = C+cI   C' = C+cII   cI' =cI+cII

b = 18(from 47,15)-19-108-118-314-537-B^s(to 46,28)

d = 44-106-107-125-370(from 25,5)-610

f = 53-56-129-26-664

n = 75-458

s = 30-85-127-130-343-344-730(from 26,13)

t = 46-74-76(to 42,1)-84-134-370(to 25,2)-799(to 36,8)

y = 71-121-318-346-392-424-527-619

z = 31-120-122-407

codd mixti: 54(to 22,21) 55 59 76(from 21,1) 319 340 341 368 509 630 662 707^II 707^III 730(to 26,13)

Translations

Aeth = Ethiopic version
Arab = Arabic version (Paris, Bibl. Nat., Arab 9)
Arab^L = Arabic translation of Syh (Leiden, Scaliger Arab 230)
Arm = Armenian version
Co = Coptic version
Ach = Achmimic version
Bo = Bohairic version
Fa = Fayyumic version
Sa = Sahidic version
La = Old Latin version
La^K = Cyprian and Pseudo-Cyprian writings
La^C = the European form of La^K
La^E = the European text
La^S = the Spanish text
La^I = the Italian text
La^A = Augustinian revision revised La^I text
La^M = the divergences of Ambr from La^I
La^O = the hexaplaaric readings in Hi Quaest
La^P = the text of Quodv Prom deviations from La^I
La^X = Renderings from the Greek as Iub and PsPhil
Pal = Palestinian-Syriac version
Pesch = Peshitta
Sam = Samaritan Pentateuch
Syh = Syro-hexaplaric version
Syh^B = unedited lectionary readings by Baars
Syh^L = Lagarde's edition
Syh^T = Tur 'Abdin Ms
Tar = Targums
TarO = Onkelos Targum
TarP = Neofiti Targum
Vulg = Vulgate

Later Greek translations (Apparatus II)

α' = Aquila
σ' = Symmachus
θ' = Theodotion
οι λ' = οι λοιποι
οι γ' = οι τρεις
οι ο' = οι εβδομηκοντα
ο εβρ' = ο εβραιος
το σαμ' = το σαμαρειτικον
ωρ' = ωριγενης
ο συρ' = ο υρος
το ιουδ' = το ιουδαϊκον
ιω' = Iosephus
γρ' = γραφεται
αλλος, αλλως, αλëοι, ετερος = unknown sources

Printed Editions

Ald = Aldina
Compl = Complutensis
Sixt = Sixtina
Gr = Grabe
Gr. = Conjectures of Gr.
Lag = Lagarde, Genesis
Lag. = Conjectures of Lag
Ra^G = Rahlfs, Göttingen edition
Ra^s = Rahlfs, Stuttgarten edition
Ra = Ra^G + Ra^s
Ra. = Conjectures of Ra^G, Ra^s  or Ra

Literature and Collections

APF = Archiv für Papyrusforschung und verwandte Gebiete
Barh = Abu 'l-Farag - Barhebraeus' Scholia on the O.T. Ed. by M.Springling and W.C.Graham. Chicago 1931
BHS = Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, fasc.1 Genesis, praep. O.Eissfeldt, Stuttgart 1969
BK = Berliner Klassikertexte aus den Staatlichen Museen Berlin
Br.-M. = The Old Testament in Greek according to the Text of Codex Vaticanus ed. by A.E.Brooke and N.McLean, vol. I par I, Cambridge 1906
CSCO = Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium
Field = Origenis Hexaplorum quae supersunt, ed. Fr. Field, Oxonii 1875
Fischer, Verzeichnis = B. Fischer, Verzeichnis der Sigel für Handschriften und Kirchen­schriftsteller (Vetus Latina, Teil 1) Freiburg i. Br. 1949,2.Aufl. 1963
GCS = Die griechischen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte (Berliner Ausgabe)
Gr = Septuaginta Interpretum tomus I, ed. J.E.Grabe, Oxonii 1707
H.-P. = Vetus Testamentum Graecum cum variis lectionibus, ed. R.Holmes. tom.I, Oxonii 1798
Ish = Commentaire d'Isho'dad de Merv sur l'Ancien Testament. I Genèse ed. J.M.Vosté et C.v.d.Eynde. Louvain 1950
JRAS = Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
JThSt = Journal of Theological Studies
Lag = Genesis Graece, ed. P.A. de Lagarde, Lipsiae 1868
Lagarde = Librorum VT canonicorum pars prior graece Pauli de Lagarde studio et sumptibus, Gottingae 1883
Mayser = E.Mayser, Grammatik der griechischen Papyri aus der Ptolemä­erzeit. I Leipzig 1906, II 1 Berlin 1926, II 2 1933/34,II 3 1934, 2nd Edition I 2 1938, I 3 1936
MSU = Mitteilungen des Septuaginta Unternehmens, Berlin 1909ff.
Pietersma = Petersma, A., Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri IV and V: A New Edition with Text-Critical Analysis, Toronto and Sarasota 1976
ProcSBA = Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archeology
Ra^G = Septuaginta Societatis Scientiarum Gottingensis auctorite ed. A. Rahlfs, I Genesis, Stuttgart 1926
Ra^S  = Septuaginta, ed. A.Rahlfs, vol.I, Stuttgart 1935
Rahlfs,Verzeichnis = A.Rahlfs, Verzeichnis der griechischen Handschriften des AT (=MSU II), Berlin 1914
PG = Migne, Patrologie Series Graeca
SC = Sources Chrétiennes
Schleusner = Novus Thesaurus philologico-criticus sive Lexicon in LXX..., ed. J.Fr.Schleusner, Lipsiae 1820/21
Schmidt = H.A.Sanders and C.Schmidt, The Minor Prophets in the Freer Collection and the Berlin Fragment of Genesis. Univ. of Michigan Studies, Humanistic
Series XXI, New York 1927 (Fasc. edition New York 1927)
Swete = The Old Testament in Greek acc. to the Septuagint, vol.I Cambridge 1887
Thack = H.St.J.Thackeray, A Grammar of the Old Testament in Greek acc. to the Septuagint, vol.I, Cambridge 1909
THGG = J.W.Wevers, Text History of the Greek Genesis, MSU XI, Göttingen 1974
TU = Texte und Untersuchungen

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Anasian, H.S., Astvadzashunch madyani haygagan panakirþ§1 (The origins of the Armenian Bible), Echmiadzin (Yerevan) XI-XII (1966)
Baars, W., New Syro-Hexaplaric Texts, Leiden 1968
Boyd, O., The Octateuch in Ethiopic, Pt.I: Genesis, Leiden 1909
Ceriani, A.M., Pentateuchi et Iosue quae ex prima scriptura supersunt in cod.
Ambros. graeco seculi fere V. Monumenta sacra et profana III, Milan 1864
-- Pentateuchi Syrohexaplaris quae supersunt eum notis, Monumenta sacra et profana II, Milan 1863, 1-106
Ceugney, Chr., Quelques fragments coptes thébains inédits de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Recueil de Travaux relatifs à la phiilol. et à l'arch, ég. et assyr. II. Paris 1881, 94-105
Ciasca, A., Sacrorum Bibliorum Fragmenta copto-sahidica Musei Bergiani  iussu et sumptibus S. Congegationis de Propaganda Fide edita. Tom.I, Rome 1885
Crum, W.E., Catalogue of the Coptic Mss. in the British Museum, London 1905, No. 932
-- Catalogue of the Coptic Mss in the Collection of the John Rylands LIbrary Manchester, Manchester 1909, No. 1
-- Short Texts from Coptic Ostraca and Papyri, London 1921, No. 1.
Dillmann, A., VT Aeth. I, Octateuchus Aethiopicus, Leipzig 1853
Dold, A., Neue Palimpsest-Bruchstücke der griechischen Bibel, BZ 18 (1929), 241-269
Dold,A.-Stummer,F., Zu den Beuroner Palimpsestfragmenten, Biblica 12 (1931), 367-368
Hunt, A.S. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Pt.IX, Lonfon 1912
Dunand, F., Papyrus grecs bibliques (Papyrus F.inv.266). Volumina de la Genèse et du Deutéronome. Recherches d'archéologie de philologie et d'histoire, T.XXVII, Le Caire 1966 -- Texts: Extrait des Etudes de Papyrologie, tom.IX, Le Caire 1966
Erman, A., Bruchstücke der oberaegyptischen Übersetzung des Alten Testaments. Nachr.v.d.Kön.G.d.W.zu Göttingen No.12, Göttingen 1880
Eitrem,S.-Amundsen, L., Papyri Osloenses, fasc. II, Oslo 1931, 10f.
Fernandes Marcos, N. y Saenz-Badillos, A., Anotaciones Criticas al Texto Griego del Genesis y estudio de sus grupos textuales, Madrid-Barcelona 1972
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Gilmore,J.E.-Le Page Renouf, P., Coptic Fragments. ProcSBA 17, 1895
Gotch, Fr.W., A supplement to Tischendorf's Reliquiae ex incendio ereptae  codicis celeberrimi Cottoniani, London and Edinbourgh 1881
Gottstein, M.H., Neue Syrohexaplafragmente, Biblica 37(1956) 126-183
Grenfell, B.P.-Hunt, A.S., The Amherst Papyri, Pt.I.. VII 1910
--The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Pt. IV, London 1904. Pt. VII, 1910
Gwynn,J., Remnants of the Later Syriac Versions of the Bible in Two Parts, Pt.II, London 1909
Hartel, W.v.-Wickhoff, F., Die Wiener Genesis, Vienna 1895
Kahle,P.E., Bala'izah: Coptic Texts from Deir al-Bala'izah in Upper Egypt, Vol.I. Oxford 1954
Kasser,R., Papyrus Bodmer III. évangile de Jean et Genèse I-IV,2 en bohairique (CSCO Scriptores Coptici 25, 1958)
Kenyon, F.G., The Chester Beatty BIblical Papyri, Fasc.IV, London 1934  (Facs.- edition London 1935/36
de Lagarde, P., Materialien zur Kritik und Geschichte des Pentateuchs, Leipzig 1867
-- Bibliotheca Syriaca, Göttingen 1892
-- Der Pentateuch koptisch, Leipzig 1867
Lefort, L.Th.,Les Manuscrits Coptes de l'Université Louvain, Louvain 1940
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-- A Remarkable Palimpsest, The Expository Times 13 (1901/02),55-57
Mallon, A., Grammaire Copte. Quatrième édition revue par M. Malinene, Beirut 1956
Margoliouth,G., The Liturgy of the Nile, JRAS 1896, 677-731
Maspéro,G., Fragments de la version thébaine de l'Ancien Testament, Mém. publ. par les membres de la mission arch. fr. au Caire, fasc 1. Paris 1892
Matthaeus, C.F., Animadversiones ad Origenis Hexapla ex Cod.B. SS Synodi Mosquensis num.XXXI. Repertorium f.Bibl.u.Morgenl.Litt. 4(1779) 257-278
Milne, H.J.M., Catalogue of the Library Papyri in the Brit. Museum, London 1927, 165-166
Munier, H., Recueil de Manuscrits Coptes de l'Ancien et du Nouveau Testament. Bull. de l'Inst. fr. d'arch or. du Caire 12, 1916
--Sur deux passages de la Genèse en copte sahidique. Ann. du Serv. des  Antiq. 13, La Caire 1913, 187
Nicole,J., Un texte de la Genèse (Collection de la Ville de Genève no. 99) Revue de philol. de litt. et d'hist. anc. n.s.28 (1904), 65-68
Oates, J.F.-Samuel, A.E.-Welles, C.B., Yale Papyri in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New Haven-Toronto 1967, 3-8
Omont, H., Mémoires de la Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France 6.sér., tom.3 (1892 o. 1893)
Owen, H.,Collatio codices Cottoniani Geneseos cum editione Romana, a viro clarissimo J.E.Grabe iam olim facta nunc domum summa cura edita ab H. Owen, London 1775
Plasberg, O., Strassburger Anekdoten, APF II 2/3. Leipzig 1903
Rahlfs, A., Ein weiteres Fragment der griechischen Übersetzung des samaritanischen Pentateuchs, MSU I, Göttingen 1909, 65-68
Rhodes, J.F., The Arabic Versions of the Pentateuch in the Church of Egypt, Leipzig 1921
Rudberg, G., Septuaginta-Fragmente unter den Papyri Osloenses. Vidensskapsel­­skapets  Forhandlinger, Christiana 1923
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