Barbara R. von Schlegell

Visiting Associate Professor of Philosophy and Religion, Ursinus College
Fellow, Penn Middle East Center

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Topics in Islamic Religion: The Qur'an

Religious Studies 545

Suggested Readings and Resources

Arabic Reference Works

Abd al-Baqi, Muhammad Fu’ad. Al-Mu’jam al-mufahras li-alfaz al-Qur’an. Essential Arabic- Arabic concordance to the Qur’an arranged by Arabic root. Middle East Seminar Room.

Al-Munjid fi al-lughah wa al-a’lam. Concise Arabic-Arabic dictionary and gazetteer. ME Seminar

Baqillani, Muhammad b. al-Tayyib (d. 1013) I’jaz al-Qur’an (on the margins of al-Suyuti, Al- Itqan, see below).

Dawudi, Shams al-Din (d. 1538). Tabaqat al-mufassirin (Cairo, 1972). BP 70.D3.

Ibn Kathir (d. 1373). Qisas al-Anbiya’ BP 137.I25.1992. Tales of the Prophets de-emphasizing the "Isra’iliyat." Portions of al-Kisa’i’s work on the prophets are translated by W. Thackston, as are al-Tabari’s accounts of them by Wm. Brinner Prophets and Patriarchs from the Ta’rikh. DS38.2.T313. 1985, vol. 3.

Ibn Taymiyah (d. 1328). Muqaddimah fi usul al-tafsir. (Kuwait, 1971). BP130.45.I25. 1971. Has been translated into English.

Suyuti, Jalal al-Din (d. 1505). Al-Itqan fi ‘ulum al-Qur’an (Beirut, n.d.). A compendium of all issues in Muslim scholarship about the Qur’an and commentary.

Wahidi al-Nisaburi, Abu al-Hasan (d. 1075). Asbab al-nuzul (Beirut, 1991). BP 130.4.V33 1991b The "occasions of revelation," presenting historical contexts.

Yaqut al-Hamawi (d. 1229). Mu’jam al-buldan. Gives correct vocalization of geographical names.

English-Arabic Reference Works

Kassis, Hanna E. A Concordance of the Qur’an. (Berkeley, 1982). By transliterated Ara. roots.

Mir, Mustansir. Dictionary of Qur’anic Terms and Concepts (NY, 1987). Van Pelt Ref.

Penrice, John. A Dictionary and Glossary of the Qur’an. (London, 1873). Limited but useful. ME Seminar Room

Cacchia, P. A Dictionary of Arabic Grammatical Terms. Helpful for quick reference to Arabic terms used abundantly by al-Jalalayn. For which see also Wright’s Grammar of the Arabic Language, using the Arabic index . ME Seminar Room.

Reckendorf . Die syntatischen Verhaltniss ME Sem. and Arabische Syntax PJ6381.R4 1977.

Lane, E.W. An Arabic-English Lexicon (1863-93). Translations from classical Arabic lexicographers. Letters qaf to ya’ are fragmentary.

Jeffery, Arthur. Foreign Vocabulary in the Qur’an. PK2971.G3 no. 79 in ME Seminar and Materials for the History of the Text of the Qur’an. BP131.5.J4 1975.

Arabic Commentaries

‘Abd al-Razzaq al- Kashani/al-Qashani (d. 1330), a follower of Ibn ‘Arabi (d. 1240, to whom the title is credited), Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Karim.(Beirut, 1978). BP130.4.I2. Mystical orientation.*

‘Abduh, Muhammad (d. 1905) and Rashid Rida (d. 1935). Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Hakim. 11 vols. (Cairo, 1907-34). Modernist. Not complete. BP130.4.M774 and BP130.4.M774 1970z.

Baydawi, ‘Abdallah (d. 1286). Anwar al-tanzil. Standard madrasah text for centuries. (Leipzeig). BP130.4.B32. Portions translated by H. Gatje.

Burusawi (Bursali), Isma’il Haqq (d. 1731). Tafsir Ruh al-Bayan. 10 vols. Arabic, with Persian and Ottoman Turkish sections. Masterful mystical treatment, includes poetry. BP130.4.B8

Ibn ‘Arabi (d. 1240). Rahmah min al-Rahman fi tafsir wa isharat al-Qur’an. Mahmud Ghurab has extracted all the Qur’anic commentary from Ibn ‘Arabi’s Futuhat al-Makkiyah in this 2 vol. work. On the margins is the only commentary extant of IA’s certain authorship, Ijaz al-bayan fi al-tarjamah ‘an al-Qur’an (reaching the third surah). Damascus, 1989.

Ibn Kathir, Abu al-Fida’ al-Dimashqi (d. 1372). Tafsir al-Qur’an al-’Azim. Emphasis on soundness of hadith reports. Highly regarded by modern revivalists. 4 vols. (Beirut, 1991) with Fihris ahadith tafsir al-Qur’an al-’Azim. ed. Y. al-Mar’ashi et al. (Beirut, 1989). Abridged by Muhammad ‘Ali al-Sabuni, Safwat al-tafasir.BP130.4.S25 1986.*

Ibn Taymiyah, Taqi al-Din (d. 1328). Majmu’ah tafsir al-Shaykh Ibn Taymiyah. BP130.4.I3.

Kashi, Muhammad M. (d. ca 1505). Al-Safi fi tafsir al-Qur’an. (Tehran, 1866-7). Shi’i.

Mahmud, ‘Abd al-Halim. Tafsir surat Al ‘Imran. 2 vols. (Cairo, 1978). The previous Shaykh al- Azhar, of the "madrasah Shadhiliyah." BP128.2.M3.

Mujahid (d. 722). Tafsir Mujahid. Attributed to a Follower of the Prophet. 2 vols. (Beirut, 197--). P 130.4.M83 1970z.

Nisaburi, Nizam al-Din al-Qummi. Ghara’ib al-Qur’an wa ragha’ib al-Furqan. 5 vols. (Cairo, 1962-4).

Qummi, ‘Ali b. Ibrahim (d. 939). Tafsir al-Qur’an. (Najaf, 1967). Shi’i.

Qurtubi, Abu ‘Abdallah (d. 1273) Al-Jami’ li- ahkam al-Qur’an. 18 vols. Juristic content. BP130.4.Q68.*

Qushayri, Abu al-Qasim (d. 1074). Lata’if al-isharat. 3 vols. Mystical, but mildly so. BP130.4.Q75.

Qutb, Sayyid. (d. 1966) Fi zilal al-Qur’an. Written in prison by the well-known member of the Ikhwan al-Muslimin of Egypt. Literary elements. At least the juz’ ‘amm (last 1/30th) completed in English translation. BP25.Q73 1972.

Razi, Fakhr al-Din (d. 1209) Mafatih al-ghayb or Al-Tafsir al-kabir. Entire vol. on Fatihah.

Several points of view and layers of exegesis.* BP130.4.R32.

Sadiq, Ja’far (d. 765). Le Tafsir Mystique attribue a Ja’far Sadiq ed. P. Nwyia Melanges de l’Univesite Saint-Joseph 43, 4 (1968), 181-230.

Shaltut, Mahmud. Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Karim. (Cairo, 1966). mid20th c. former Shaykh al-Azhar.

Sulami (d. 1021). The Minor Qur’anic Commentary of Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami. ed. G. Bowering. (Beirut, 1995).

Tabari (d. 922). Jami’ al-bayan fi tafsir al-Qur’an. Historical, reports of Companions and Followers with silsilahs. BP130.4.T3.1969 in ME Seminar room. Mukhtasar by al-Sabuni BP130.4.T2725. Abridged translation in progress, WF Madelung and A. Jones, The Commentary on the Qur’an, Vol. I (Oxford, 1987).*

Tabarsi, Abu ‘Ali (d. 1153). Majma’ al- bayan fi tafsir al-Qur’an. 12 vols. Shi’i commentary.*

Tabataba’i, Sayyid Muhammad Husayn. Al-Mizan fi tafsir al-Qur’an. 20 vols. (Qumm, 1971- 4)Philosophical and comprehensive Shi’i commentary by a modern Iranian scholar. English trans. project in progress. Commentary incorporates Sunni material. BP130.4.T3523 1971.

Tustari, Muhammad Sahl b. ‘Abdallah (d. 896) Tafsir al-Qur’an al-A’zim (Cairo, 1911).

Zamakhshari, Abu al-Qasim (d.1144). Al-Kashshaf. Philological and Mu’tazili. 4 vols. Portions translated by H. Gatje.* BP135.8.E28.A85 1988.

NB: * indicates works partially treated by M. Ayoub in his The Qur’an and Its Interpreters. To date the series reaches surat Al ‘Imran (chapter 3).

Commentaries in English

In addition to the portions of the Arabic works mentioned above that have been translated into English:

Ali, S.V. Mir Ahmed. The Holy Qur’an. (Karachi, 1964). "Commentary according to the version of the Ahlul-Bait." BP109.A35. Shi’i concerns.

Ali, Syed Anwer. Qur’an: The Fundamental Law of Human Life. vols. 1-10. "A commentary [in consideration of] philosophical thought, scientific research, political, economical, and social developments." (Karachi, 1982-1994). BP130.4.A443 1982.

Ayoub, M. The Great Tidings. (Tripoli, 1983). Commentary on the last juz’ of the Qur’an. Not in Van Pelt.

Azad, Abul Kalam (d.1958). trans. Syed Abdul Latif. Tarjuman al-Qur’an (Bombay, 1962-1967 and rep. New Delhi, 1990).

Beeston, A.F.L. Baidawi’s Commentary on Surah 12 of the Qur’an: Text, Accompanied by an interpretive rendering and notes. (Oxford, 1963). BP128.12th.B3 1963.

Bell, Richard. A Commentary on the Qur’an. ed. C.E. Bosworth. 2 vols. BP130.4.B45 1991.

Hilali, Taqi al-Din and Muhammad Muhsin Khan. Interpretation of the Meanings of the Noble Qur’an: A Summarized Version of al-Tabari, al-Qurtubi, and Ibn Kathir with comment from Sahih al-Bukhari. vols. 1-9. (Lahore, 1989-1992). BP109.H64. Not recommended.

Margoliouth, D.S. Chrestomathia Baidawiana: The Commentary of el-Baidawi on Sura III Translated and Explained for the Use of Students of Arabic. (London, 1894). BP130.4.B313 1894a.

Mawdudi, M. Abu al-A’la (d. 1979). The Meaning of the Qur’an (Tafhim al-Qur’an). Composed in Urdu and translated into Arabic and English (Lahore, 1967- ). Moral and theological approach, using biblical accounts to supplement verses, some naturalistic explanations for miraculous phenomena. BP104.8.M313 . Another, superior, English trans. by ZI Ansari, Towards Understanding the Qur’an (to vol. 5, surah 21) BP 130.4.M42513 1988.

Paret, R. Der Koran: Kommentar und Konkordanz (Stuttgart, 1971). German. BP130.4.P35.

Qutb, Sayyid. Translation of Fi zilal al-Qur’an (the last juz’ - short surahs)

Sale, G. and Wherry. The Koran. Translation and Commentary. BP109.S3 1975.

Usmani, Shabbir Ahmad (d. 1949). trans. M.A. Ahmad. The Noble Qur’an: Tafseer-e-Usmani. vols. 1-3. (Lahore, 1991). BP130.4.K5712 1991.

Selected Studies of the Qur’an and Qur’anic Themes

Abbott, Nabia. Studies in Arabic Literary Papyri. vol. 2 Qur’anic Commentary and Tradition.(Chicago, 1967).

Ayoub, M. "The Qur’an: Its Impact on the Community" article in The Encyclopedia of Religion (1986). See also loc cit "The Qur’an: History of the Text" by Charles Adams and "Tafsir" by Andrew Rippin.

Baljon, J.M.S. Modern Muslim Koran Interpretation (1880-1960). (Leiden, 1961).

Bell, Richard. The Qur’an Translated with a Critical Re-arrangement of the Surahs. 2 vols. (Edinburgh, 1937).

Berg, "Tabari’s Exegesis of the Qur’anic Term al-Kitab" JAAR 63,4 (1966), 761-775.

Bint al-Shati, A’ishah ‘Abd al-Rahman. Al-I’jaz al-bayani li al-Qur’an. PJ6696.B48.

Birkeland, H. The Lord Guideth: Studies on Primitive Islam. (Oslo, 1956).

Bowering, Gerhard. The Mystical Vision of Existence in Classical Islam. The Qur’anic Hermeutics of the Sufi Sahl al-Tustari (d. 283/896). (Berlin and NY, 1980).

Burton, John. The Collection of the Qur’an. (Cambridge, 1979). Novel theory about the urtext.

Cleary, Thomas. The Essential Qur’an. (1994). Selections from the Qur’an. Has been criticized, for being "the Bible without Leviticus" but not unlike al-Ghazali’s Jewels.

Cragg, Kenneth. The Event of the Qur’an: Islam in Its Scripture. (London, 1971).

____________. Readings in the Qur’an. (London, 1988). Thematic arrangement of 2/3 of the text.

____________. The Mind of the Qur’an: Chapters in Reflection. (London, 1973).

Encyclopaedia of Islam (new ed.) Articles "‘Arabiyah" "Kur’an"

Farahi, Hamid al-Din. Asalib al-Qur’an, Dala’il al-Nizam, and Al-Takmil fi usul al-ta’wil. (ca 1960). Finding meaningful connections in the Qur’anic text. Arabic.

Faruqi, Isma’il. "Towards a New Methodology for Qur’anic Exegesis." Islamic Studies (1962) pp. 35-52.

Firestone, R. Journey in Holy Lands: The Evolution of the Abrham-Ishmael Legend in Islamic Exegesis. (Albany, 1990).

_________. "Sarah’s Identity in Islamic Exegetical Tradition." Muslim World (1990), 80, 2, pp. 65-17.

Gatje, Helmut. trans. A. Welch. The Qur’an and Its Exegesis: Selected Texts with Classical and Modern Interpretations. (London, 1971). Extracts from al-Baydawi, al-Kashani/al- Qashani (Ibn‘Arabi), al-Razi, al-Tabari, al-Kashi and al-Zamakhshari arranged topically.

Ghazali, Abu Hamid (d. 1111). The Jewels of the Qur’an (Kitab jawahir al-Qur’an). trans. Abul Quasem. (Kuala Lumpur, 1979).

________________. The Recitation and Interpretation of the Qur’an (Ihya’ ‘ulum al-din, Book 8). (Kuala Lumpur, 1979).

Gilliot, C. Exegese, langue, et theologie en Islam: L’Exegese coranique de Tabari (Paris, 1990).

Graham, William. Beyond the Written Word: Oral Aspects of Scripture in the History of Religion (Cambridge, 1987).

______________. Divine Word and Prophetic Word in Early Islam (Paris, 1977).

Haeri, Fadhlalla. Man in Qur’an and the Meaning of Furqan: Surat al-Baqarah. (Blanco, TX, 1982). Tafsir for an American audience by a Sufi-Ja’fari shaykh.

Hawting, GR and AA Shareef , eds. Approaches to the Qur’an (London, 1993).

Horovitz, J. Jewish Proper Names and Derivatives in the Koran. (Hildesheim, 1964).

Izutsu, Toshihiko. God and Man in the Koran: Semantics of the Koranic Weltanschauung. (Tokyo, 1964).

_____________. Ethico-Religious Concepts in the Qur’an. (Montreal, 1966). Revision of The Structure of the Ethical Terms in the Koran (Tokyo, 1959).

_____________. Language and Magic: Studies in the Magical Function of Speech. (Tokyo, 1956).

Ja’fari, Sayyid Muhammad Mahdi. Sayr-i tahawwul-i Qur’an. (Tehran). Persian, chronological.

Jansen, J.J.G. The Interpretation of the Koran in Modern Egypt. (Leiden, 1974).

__________. "Shaikh al-Sha’rawi’s Interpretation of the Qur’an." Intl. Congress for the Study of the Qur’an. series 1. (Canberra, 1980).

Jomier, J. "The Qur’anic Commentary of Imam Fakhr al-Din al-Razi: Its Sources and Its Originality." Intl. Congress for the Study of the Qur’an. series 1 (Canberra, 1980).

Lassner, Jacob. Demonizing the Queen of Sheba: Boundaries of Gender and Culture in Postbiblical Judaism and Medieval Islam (Chicago, 1993). BS580.S48 L37 1993

Lichtenstadter, I. "Origin and Interpretation of Some Koranic Symbols." ed. G. Makdisi. Arabic and Islamic Studies in Honor of Hamilton A.R. Gibb.

Lings, Martin and Y.H. Safadi. The Qur’an. (London, 1976). Qur’anic calligraphy.

Lory, Pierre. Les Commentaires esoteriques du Coran d’apres ‘Abd ar-Razzaq al-Qashani. (Paris).

Massignon, Louis. Essai sur les origines du lexique technique de la mystique musulmane. (Paris, 1928). 892.52 M388.

McAuliffe, J.D. Qur’anic Christians. An analysis of references to Christians in the Qur’an and in a variety of tafasir. A model of comparative exegesis centered on a particular theme.

____________. "Chosen of All Women: Mary and Fatima in Qur’anic Exegesis." Islamchristiana (1981).

Morris, James. "Dramatizing the Sura of Joseph: An Introduction to the Islamic Humanities." Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994). pp. 201-224.

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. ed. Islamic Spirituality. vol 1. (NY, 1990).Chapters on the Qur’an and Sufi tafsir.

Nelson, K. The Art of Reciting the Qur’an. (Austin, 1985). Tajwid from classical manuals, the question of music/sama’ and professional recitation in modern Egypt.

Newby, Gordon. "Tafsir Isra’iliyyat." JAAR (1979), 47, pp. 685-697.

Noldeke, Theodor. Geschichte des Qorans. (Leipzig, 1909).

Norris, HT. "Qisas Elements in the Qur’an" in The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature.

Nwyia, Paul. Exegese coranique et langage mystique: Novel essai sur le lexique technique des mystiques musulmans. (Beirut, 1970)

Parrinder, G. Jesus in the Qur’an. (London, 1965).

Powers, David. Studies in Qur’an and Hadith: The Formation of the Islamic Law of Inheritance. (Berkeley, 1986).

Qutb, Sayyid. Al-Taswir al-fanni fi al-Qur’an. (Cairo, 1963). Literary analysis of the Qur’an and its language.

Rahbar, Daud. "Reflections on the Tradition of Qur’anic Exegesis." Muslim World (1962) pp. 296-307.

___________. God of Justice: A Study in the Ethical Doctrine of the Qur’an. (Leiden, 1969).

Rippin, Andrew. ed. Approaches to the History of the Interpretation of the Qur’an. (Oxford, 1988). Papers by prominent Islamicists on development of tafsir, legends, abrogation, Imami views, and recitation. Consult references for latest scholarship.

_____________. "The Qur’an as Literature: Perils, Pitfalls and Prospects." BSMES 10:1 (1983).

Roberts, R. The Social Laws of the Quran. (London, 1971).

Rubin, Uri. "Al-Samad and the High God: An Interpretation of suraCXII" Der Islam 61 (1984),

Sa’id, Labib. The Recited Koran. trans. B. Weiss,et al. (Princeton, 1975).

Schub, Michael. "The Male is not like the Female: An Eponymous Passage in the Qur’an." Zeitschrift fur arabische Linguistik, (1991), 23, pp. 102-4.

Sells, Michael. Early Islamic Mysticism: Sufi, Qur’an, Mi’raj, Poetic and Theological Writings. (New York, 1996).

___________. "Sound and Meaning in Surat al-Qari’ah" Arabica 40, 3 (1993), 403-430.

___________. "Sound, Spirit, and Gender in Surat al-Qadr" JAOS 111, 2 (April-May 1991), 239-259.

Shahid, Irfan. "A Contribution to Koranic Exegesis" in George Makdisi, ed., Arabic and Islamic Studies in Honor of Hamilton A.R. Gibb (Cambridge, MA, 1965). pp. 563-580. Literary analysis of Surat al-Shu’ara’ (26) as a compositional unit. First recognition in Western scholarship of the "science" of finding munasabah between verses and chapters of the Qur’an (practiced by Ibn ‘Arabi, al-Biqa’i and others).

__________. "Another Contribution to Koranic Exegesis." Journal of Arabic Literature 14 (1983).

Smith, Jane I. and Y. Haddad. "Eve: Islamic Image of Woman." ed. Azizah al-Hibri. Women and Islam: Womens’s Studies Intl. Forum. (Oxford, 1982), pp. 135-144.

__________. "The Virgin Mary in Islamic Tradition and Commentary." Muslim World (1989), 79, pp. 161-187.

__________. The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. (Albany, 1981).

Smith, W.C. "The True Meaning of Scripture: An Empirical Historian’s Nonreductionist Interpretation of the Qur’an." IJMES (1980), 11, pp. 487-505.

Stowasser, Barbara F. Women in the Qur’an, Traditions, and Interpretation (Oxford, 1994). Excellent bibliography of Arabic and English works concerning gender and women.

Valiuddin, Mir (d. 1975). The Quranic Sufism. (Delhi, 1959).

Versteegh, CHM. Arabic Grammar and Qur’anic Exegesis in Early Islam. (Leiden, 1993).

von Denffer, Ahmad. ‘Ulum al-Qur’an: An Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur’an. BP130.4.D44 1983.

Wadud-Muhsin, Amina. Qur’an and Woman. (Kuala Lumpur and Oxford, 1992). Creation, the afterlife and controversies about the rights and roles of women in the Qur’an.

Waldman, Marilyn R. "New Approaches to ‘Biblical’ Materials in the Qur’an" in ed. W.M. Brinner and S.D. Ricks. Studies in Islamic and Judaic Traditions. (Atlanta, 1986).

Wali Allah, Shah (d. 1762). A Mystical Interpretation of Prophetic Tales by an Indian Muslim (Ta’wil al-ahadith). tr. J.M.S. Baljon (Leiden, 1973).

Wansborough, John. "Majaz al-Qur’an: periphrastic exegesis." [London]BSAOS (33,2) pp. 247- 266.

________________. Qur’anic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation. (Oxford, 1977). Revisioned history of the establishment of the Qur’anic codex.

Zwettler, M. "A Mantic Manifesto: The Sura of ‘the Poets’ and the Qur’anic Foundations of Prophetic Authority." in J.L. Kugel, ed., Poetry and Prophecy: The Beginnings of a Literary Tradition. (Ithica, NY, 1990).

_________. The Oral Tradition of Classical Arabic Poetry - Its Character and Implications. (Columbus, 1978).

 

 

 

             
                 
                 
                 
                 

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