| DATES |
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| 3000 - 2000 | Early Bronze Age | ||||
| 2000 - 1500 | Middle Bronze Age | Early Bronze Age on Central Asian steppes; oral composition of Yasna Haptanhaiti and 'great' Yashts | |||
| 1500 - 1200 | Late Bronze Age (Mycenaean civilization in Mainland Greece, and Crete) | ||||
| 1200 - 900 | Composition of Rigveda in (modern) Pakistan; Earliest reasonable date for Zoroaster/Zarathushtra, Composition of Gathas | ||||
| 1200 - 1050 | Sub-Mycenaean | ||||
| 950 - 600 | Rise of City-States and
Greek Age of Colonization; Archaic Period |
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| 776 | First Pan-Hellenic Games at Olympia | ||||
| 753 | Foundation of (City of) Rome | ||||
| c.610 | Foundation of Naucratis | ||||
| 550 - 330 | Achaemenid Empire | ||||
| 509 | Roman Republic founded | ||||
| 490 - 479 | Persian Wars (Athens and Sparta together against Persia) | ||||
| 431 - 404 | Peloponnesian War(s) (Athens against Sparta) | ||||
| 323 | Death of Alexander; Beginning of Hellenistic Era | ||||
| 312 | Foundation of Seleucid Empire | ||||
| 146 | Destruction of Corinth;
Beginning of Roman Period |
Destruction of Corinth; end of Third Punic War (against Carthage) | |||
| 141 BCE
- 224 CE |
Arsacid Empire; Avesta perhaps put (partly) in written form | ||||
| 28 BCE
- 14 CE |
Reign of Augustus; beginning of Empire | ||||
| 224 - 651 | Sasanian Empire; Avesta canon fixed under Tansar; Manichaeism briefly official Persian religion | ||||
| 324 - 337 | Reign of Constantine; Christianization of Empire | ||||
| 636 - | Islamic Conquest of Iran | ||||
| 800 | Charlemagne crowned Roman Emperor by Pope; foundation of 'Holy Roman Empire' |