Prepared for SARS 523,
Multi-lingual Education in South/Southeast Asia
Standard Language: He's a man who likes his beer vs. He's a man that likes his beer.
(Regional? post-creole?) continuum: He's a man who likes his beer:
He's a man who likes his beer. |
He's a man that likes his beer. |
He's a man 'at likes his beer. |
He's a man as likes his beer. |
He's a man what likes his beer. |
He's a man he likes his beer. |
He's a man likes his beer. |
Guyanese I told him, in different parts of the continuum, acrolect ("high") to basilect ("low").
Acrolect (1.) | ai tOuld hIm |
---|---|
2. | ai to:ld hIm |
3. | ai to:l Im |
4. | ai tEl Im |
5. | a tEl Im |
6. | ai tEl i |
7. | a tEl i |
8. | mi tEl i |
Basilect (9.) | mi tEl am |
Key:
[I] = low-high front vowel, such as the vowel in SAE hit.
[E] = low-mid front vowel, such as that in SAE bed.
[^] = mid-central vowel, such as that in SAE but.
[O] = low back lax rounded vowel ('open o'), such as in SAE boy.