The first mini-task is to bring to class (due-date Tuesday of third
week) three examples of new words found in popular culture but
not yet in any dictionary. A good place to look is in advertisements and
in popular journalism such as tabloid magazines, People Magazine
``Zines" of various sorts, etc. For background on this word-formation
process, consult a web document I have prepared on this: Lexical Change
Please write a short paragraph for each item, giving at least
the following information:
Document your sources; check out your
background information
What the origin of it is, e.g. the pieces, or the initials, or
whatever; if there are recognizable pieces (like the -oid of
`android') look them up in a dictionary; some dictionaries will give
these `pieces' of meaning, even though they're not full `words', since
they're used in chemistry etc. You can look in the Van Pelt Library's
Reference Shelf section, and see the Oxford English
Dictionary Online: OED
Online . Or try the
Webster's Third International on-line dictionary, which is more oriented toward
American usage.
Document your background checking to show that it is in fact not
in any dictionary: (To check whether it's found in any dictionary,
look in a standard dictionary such as Merriam-Webster's; or see the
following source: Fifty Years
Among the New Words.) Or go to the OED Online
To show that the item is in fact in use (and you didn't make it up)
do a web-search for it, and show where and how it is used even
if it's not in the dictionary.
What to look for: Look for examples that involve `acronyms' or
`blends' such as brand-names like kleenex (clean + ?ex) or
drano (drain + ?o) or drorganizer (dr[awer] + organizer).
Another possibility is abbreviations of longer words, sometimes even
abbreviations that make a rhyming-pair, such as sci-fi from
sci[ence] + fi[ction] (Just for fun, here's a list of
'fun' words published by the Washington Post. Some are blends, some are puns,
some are puns on echo-words...)
Tell me why you think the originator picked the pieces they did, or
formed it the way they did. Does the item rhyme with some other
word that evokes some other meaning? Is it supposed to sound scientific
or evoke some other attributes that the promoter thinks will
help sell it?
Tell me where you heard or found this word: e.g. you heard
it from your roommate, or on TV or the radio or other media; it's a
brand-name or it's a new technical term or whatever. State exactly
where you saw/found it, with page numbers, dates, etc. please.
If you want examples of what I'm looking for, look at these examples of papers submitted in
past years that admirably fill the bill.
Last but not least, here's an example of a hot new
item: -izzle which isn't exactly a new word, but is being used
as a sort of suffix by rap artists, etc.
The importance of following directions...
The purposes of this exercise are:
To make you see how one kind of innovation in language
operates, and how little there is that is actually brand-new
.
To accustom you to the notion that there are and that if your work isn't acceptable the first time,
it can be done again.
To get you to see that even in something this simple and
unserious, there can be scholarly ways of operating and
doing research: careful documentation, control of sources,
checking of origins, etc.
To get you used to following directions.
Some resources on the Internet
For an idea of some resources on the web that document
new usages, see:
Wordspy, "a web site is devoted to
lexpionage, the
sleuthing of new words and phrases."
A site that lists a number of Words of the Day.
that may or may not be new words.
A site devoted to words that ought to be banished from English
usage.
The Pseudodictionary site,
"the place where words you've made up can become part of an actual online
dictionary!"
Some Caveats!
I will disallow words that I know have been
around a while, even if you don't find them in a dictionary.
I will
disallow acronyms that aren't pronounceable, because if it's just "SPCA"
or "IPA" etc. instead of e.g. "NATO" (pronounced [nayto]) or "ISTEA"
(pronounced 'ice tea') then it's not a word yet.
I will also allow only
one brand name among all your choices.
haroldfs@ccat.sas.upenn.edu, last modified 2/24/01