Abaris Rutulian slain in his sleep by Euryalus. Abas Graecus A Greek of some distinction slain by Aeneas, who later dedicates his armor at Actium. Servius suggested that Abas could have been one of the Greeks killed by Aeneas in the counterattack led by Coroebus (2.386-401). Abas Troianus A ship captain whose boat is overcome by the storm in Book 1. Abas Etruscus A commander of a gleaming fleet from Pomplonium who lands in the first wave at the Trojan camp and is the first person slain by Lausus. Abella A town in Campania known for its fruit, which the Latin means, and Vergil enhances the point with the adjective maliferae (apple-bearing). Abydus A Milesian colony situated on the Asiatic side of the Hellespont, the home of Leander, beloved of Hero, in mythology and with the the kingdom of Pergamum in the early second century B.C. Acamas A companion of Diomedes and one of the Greeks chosen to hide in the Trojan Horse. Acarnan A district, also known as Acarnania. in north-west Greece that was noted for its lack of civilization in the Greek world and was only absorbed by Rome in 30 B.C. Acca The closest companion of Camilla, to whom she utters her dying words and who subsequently reports the news of this disaster to Turnus. The name Acca is also part of Acca Larentia, who was the wife of Faustulus, who found and raised Romulus and Remus; she was also mother of the twelve Arvales, originators of an early priesthood. In Rome there was a feast in her honor called either the Larentalia or Accalia. Acerrae A town in the interior of Campania, on the banks of the river Clanius. The town was noted for the repeated floodings caused by the river's overflowing. Acesta The name proposed by Aeneas for the town to be settled by the Trojans not continuing with him to Italy; the name, if the king permits, is to honor King Acestes, the Trojan ruler of Sicily and Aeneas' host. TheGreeks in Sicily called it Egesta and the Romans used Segesta. This is generally viewed as an example of Vergil's desire to establish an aetiological connection between current Roman names and a Trojan or mythological past. Acestes Born of a Trojan mother exiled to Sicily and made pregnant by the god of the river Crimissus, he provided Aeneas with the wine shared with his men on the Carthaginian shore, was considered a possible ruler by Ilioneus if Aeneas were actually dead, and serves as Aeneas' host in Book V. During the funeral games he encourages Entellus to participate in the boxing match; he wins the prize in the archery contest when his arrow, shot after the target has been killed, bursts into flame and is taken as a portent by Aeneas. At the end of the book he allows those Trojans not continuing with Aeneas to settle in the new town of Acesta. Achaemenides A follower of Ulysses abandoned inadvertently by Ulysses and the others as they fled the Cyclops cave; he stayed on the island of the Cyclops until rescued by Aeneas, after he hears the unlucky man's story. He then joins the Trojan fleet and guides them on their way. Achaicus A Latin adjective referring to the Greeks as the Achaeans, the name used most often by Homer. Achates The faithful companion of Aeneas, in Book 1 he captains a ship, accompanies Aeneas on his explorations and hunts, enters Carthage with him in the cloud, speaks once to suggest to Aeneas that they should emerge from the cloud at once. Sent to fetch Ascanius, he returns with the disguised Cupid. In Book 3 he is the first of the Crew to spot Italy and in Book 6 he goes with Aeneas as far as the temple of Apollo where the Sibyl resides, returning with him to bury Misenus on the shore. He is with Aeneas in Pallanteum in Book 8 and serves as his armor-bearer in Book 10, until wounded in the leg by a spear of Numitor's meant for Aeneas. In Book 12 he helps carry the wounded Aeneas to camp and is later involved in the fierce fight when Aeneas returns to the battle. Acheloius An adjective referring to the longest river in Greece, the Achelous, which rises in Pindus (north-central Greece) and flows south to the Ionian Sea, separating Acarnania and Aetolia. The god of the river was associated with several mythsIt is now called the Aspropotamo. Acheron Although just one of the rivers in the Underworld and even then often considered a swamp (6.107), it was also used to represent the entire Underworld, most famously by Juno (7.312). Achilles The Greek hero and a major figure of the Iliad. In the Aeneid he appears prominently in the pictures in Juno's temple (1. 450-493); in Book 2 he is mentiond as the father of Pyrrhus/Neoptolemus in Book 2; in Book 6 Turnus is called another Achilles (6.89). Generally his name is invoked to underscore the cruel nature of the Greeks and warfare, or as a challenge/rebuke to the Trojans who suffered his wrath. Achivi A term for the Greeks, used without a pejorarive context to represent the entire Greek force assembled at Troy. It comes from Achaea, the north-eastern area of the Peloponessus on the Gulf of Corinth. Acidalia mater A phrase used by Vergil to describe Venus; Servius connected it to a spring in Boetia, in which the Graces, occasional companions of Venus, were accustomed to bathe. Acmon A follower of Aeneas, from Lyrnesus in the Troad; it happens to be the birthplace of Briseis, the girl whose seizure from Achilles by Agamemnon precipitates the events of the Iliad. Acmon appears on the walls of the Trojan camp under siege by Turnus and his forces. Acoetes The former armor-bearer of Evander assigned as companion to Pallas, but in the Aeneid only accompanies his dead body back to Pallanteum. Aconteus Killed in a cavalry battleby the Etruscan Tyrrhenus when knocked off his horse in a horrific head-on collision. Acragas The Greek name for Agrigentum (modern, Agrigento), originally a Doric colony midway on the southern coast of Sicily. In Vergil's day the town had obtained Roman citizenship and was a wealthy agricultural center. Acrisius A king of Argos, who in fear of a prophecy that he would die at the hands of his grandchild exiled his daughter Danae after she was impregnated by Jupiter in a shower of gold and gave birth to Perseus. Eventually, after being set free by Persus from the ill treatment of Polydectes, king of Seriphus, Danae is said, by Servius and Hyginus, to have emigrated to Italy, where she founded Ardea, the capital city for Turnus, king of the Rutulians. The reference to Acrisius is part of Amata's claim that Turnus can claim foreign descent as well as Aeneas. Acrisoneus The adjective referring to Acrisius. Acron A Greek from the town of Corythus (modern, Cortona), an ancient settlement founded by the eponym Corythus and Electra; she was the mother of Aeneas' ancestor Dardanus and of Iasius by Jupiter. Acron, who has left in full costume his marriage ceremony to fight on Aeneas' side, after being compared to a goat or deer slaughtered by a savage lion, is killed by the fierce Mezentius. Actaeus An adjective indicating Attica, the district in which Athens is located. Actias An adjectival noun indicating a woman from Attica, the district in which Athens is located Actius An adjective indicating Actium, a promontory at the southern tip of Epirus separating the Ambracian Gulf and the Adriatic. Just off the coast Octavian obtained his decisive victory over the combined forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra in September of 31 B.C. A temple to Apollo was lavishly restored, a new city Nicopolis was established nearby, and games were started on the Olymic model, all by the victor to celebrate his triumph. Vergil refers to the place as Aeneas stops on his way to Italy to dedicate arms in Book 3; later in Book 8 the battle is the centerpiece of the shield made by Vulcan for Aeneas. Actor Troianus With Idaeus, one of the men who remove, at the behest of Ilioneus and Iulus, the distraught and hysterical mother of Euryalus from the front of the Trojan ranks. Adamastus The poor father of Achaemenides who sent his son off with Ulysses from Ithaca to the war at Troy. Adonis The child of Cinyras, king of Cyprus , through incest with his daughter Myrrha (or Smyrna). Loved by Venus, he was killed by a boar. The story is told in Ovid's Metamorphoses (X.298-559, 708-739) and involved in the story told by Catullus' friend Cinna in his Zmyrna, alluded to in Cat. 95. Adrastus The ruler of Argos who attempted to restore Polynices to the throne of Thebes (the subject of Aechylus' tragedy Seven Against Thebes), which ended in failure. Ten years later he led the Epigoni, the sons of the original seven, in a successful campaign. His son Aegialeus was killed in the battle and Adrastus died of sorrow while returning home. Aeacides Achilles The patronymic indicates a descendant of Aeacus, who was the son of Jupiter and Aegina, daughter of the river-god Asopus. Known for his piety, he ended a drought with prayers and repopulated his island when Jupiter turned a swarm of ants into men, who were etymologically termed the Myrmidones. The father of Peleus and Telamon, he became a judge in the Underworld. Here the reference is to Achilles, the son of Peleus Aeacides Perseus King Perseus of Macedonia claimed descent from Achilles, the grandson of Aeacus. Perseus was defeated by Aemilius Paulus at the battle of Pydna in 168 B.C. Aeacides Pyrrhus Pyrrhus, Achilles' son, is the great-grandson of Aeacus. Aeaea An adjective indicating Aea, a promontory in Colchis where Circe originally lived; she named her new abode, an island in theTyrrheian Sea, after her homeland Aegaeon Anaother name for Briareus. Aegaeum The Aegean Sea, extending eastward from the Greek coast to Asia Minor; the etymology is linked to Aegeus, Theseus father who committed suicide by leaping into the sea, to aiges, the Greek word for goats, and to Aegea, a town on its coast Aegaeus Neptunus The adjective denoting the Aegean Sea is used to ddescribe Neptune as Aeneas sails through that area. Aegle A nymph, whose name means "the shining one" from the Greek aigle. The name is often used for nymphs. Aegon A sheperd of some status and wealth, who places his flock in the care of Damoetas; he is from Crete, as is suggested by the adjective Lyctius, indicating an important Doric settlement near Mt. Aegaeon, where the cave in which Rhea gave birth to Jupiter is located. The mountain's name may have suggested the name for Aegon. Aegyptia coniunx Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, who was married in Egyptian ceremony to Mark Antony, who had divorced Octavian's sister Octavia, deepening the animosity between Octavian and Antony. Aegyptus The feminine noun indicating the country of Egypt, at the south-eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea in Africa. Aeneadae The patronymic is used generally to indicate followers of Aeneas; he uses the term in Book 3 to name the inhabitants of his first settlement in Thrace Aeneas The grandson of Assaracus and therefore in a collateral branch of Troy's founding and ruling family, he was the son of Anchises and the goddess Venus. He married Creusa, one of King Priam's daughters, whobore him Ascanius (Iulus). His experiences, from the fall of Troy to the death of Turnus, constitute the material of Vergil's epic, the Aeneid. Aeneas Silvius One of the Alban kings. Silvius is the name of the dynasty, after Aeneas son by Lavinia; this king, named for Aeneas and known for his pietas and his battle skill, finally assumed the throne after his guardian had usurped it for a long period of time, according to Servius. Aeolus A minor god entrusted by Jupiter with the confinement of the winds in his island-cave Aeolia. He is persuaded by Juno, with the promise of a wife, to let loose the winds that scatter Aeneas' fleet in Book 1. In the Odyssey (Book 10), he is a mortal who lives on the floating island of Aeolia, with his wife, and his six sons and six daughters; he provides Odysseus with a sack of winds to aid his journey. Aeolia The island where the cave is located in which Aeolus rules over the winds. Aeolides Misenus The patronymic indicates that Misenus was the son of Aeolus. It is not clear whether this indicates a mortal or the minor god. Servius prefers the minor god as father because of the appropriateness of a trumpeter being the son of the god of wind. Aeolides Ulixes The patronymic here refers to the rumor that Ulysses was the bastard son of Sisyphus, a son of Aeolus; the story is mentioned by Servius, is found in Sophocles' Ajax (l.190) and his Philoctetes (l.417), and appears in Ovid's Metamorphoses (13.31f). Aeolius An adjective indicating that it pertains to Aeolus, god of the winds. In Book 8 it is attached to the Lipari islands, which in Book 10 of the Odyssey are associated with Aeolus. Aeolus Troianus A survivor of the Trojan War, from the town of Lyrnesus in the Troad, but now buried in Laurentian land. Aeolides A patronymic used to describe Clytius, killed by Turnus within the Trojan Camp in Book 9. Which Aeolus is meant cannot be ascertained. Aequi Falisci A town in southern Etruria, just north of the Tiber River. It means Falisci in the plain, and is the poetic name for Falerii; the idea rests on a proposal of Heinsius that Aequos in the text should be spelled with a capital. Aequicula gens The Aequi, led by Ufens as allies of Turnus in the war against Aeneas. In historical times, the Aequi were a fierce tribe of ancient Italy, inhabiting the foothills of the Apennine Mountains east of Rome. The dictator Cincinnatus defeated them in 458 B.C. and returned to his plough. The tribe returned to some power around 300 B.C., but were defeated and their land settled by the Romans, who in turn romanized the Aequi. Aether A personification of the sky, used by Vergil in the Georgics to represent the process of fertilization as the sexual union of Sky and Earth. Aethiopes The dark-skinned or sun-burnt people (from the Greek aithiops) who live in the area south of Egypt. Vergil used the word in the Aeneid to indicate a place outside the settled and civilized world. Aethon The war-horse of Pallas; the name is Greek for "Blazing," suggesting perhaps both the speed and the nature of the steed. As Patroclus' horses weep for him in the Iliad (Book 17. 424f.), so Aethon does also for his dead master. Aetolus Refers to Aetolia, a province in central Greece, south of Thessaly, between Locri and Acarnania, and also the homeland of Diomedes, Aeneas' great foe in the Iliad. After the Trojan War, Vergil describes Diomedes as having moved from his native land to Arpi in southern Italy. The references are all to Diomedes or to the Greek origins of his new home. Afer, Afri An African, usually when Africa is represented as one of the distant areas of the Roman world. Africa terra The continent Africa, where Dido has established her new city, Carthage. Africus The south-west wind, generally associated with storms. Agamemnonius The adjective means "belonging to Agamemnon," the leader of the Greek forces against Troy Aganippe A fountain on Mount Helicon in Boeotia. It was a sacred abode of the Muses and offered inspiration to poets. Agathyrsi A tribe from Scythia, an area north of the Black Sea; the Scythian tribes were nomadic and roamed a vast region from central eastern Europe into Asia. Agenor An ancestor of Dido; he was the twin brother of Belus, the founder of the dynasty that led to Belus, father of Dido. The brothers ruled over Phoenicia. Agis A follower of Aeneas from the province of Lycia, on the southern coast of Asia Minor due east of Rhodes; he is slain in the fighting during the rampage of Mezentius by one Valerus, which suggests a compliment to the gens Valeria, one of the great Roman families. Agrippa The main political ally and military adviser of Octavian/Augustus. Born around 63 B.C., he sided with Octavian from the assasination of Julius Caesar through the Battle of Actium until his death in 12 B.C.; in 36 B.C. he defeated Sextus Pompeius, to end for good the civil wars started by Caesar's death, and in 31 B.C. his tactics as commander of the left wing were the primary reason for Marc Antony's defeat. Augustus delivered his eulogy and buried him in the Mausoleum of Augustus. One of his marriages produced Vipsania Agrippina, the wife of the emperor Tiberius; married to Augustus daughter Julia, he produced three sons adopted by Augustus and two daughters, one of whom (Agrippina) was the mother of Caligula and the grandmother of Nero. Known for his military skills and his political acumen, he served Augustus in many ways and eventually reached a level of almost sharing power on an equal basis. He shared his wealth lavishly with the Roman people, building public works, like the Pantheon, and opening his vast art collection to the public, earning him enduring favor and support. Agyllina urbs The port city of Caere in Etruria, about 30 miles north of Rome. Caere was one of the oldest and wealthiest Etruscan cities, maintained good relations with Rome, and was granted special privileges as early as 390 B.C. Agyllini The citizens of Agylla. Aiax Ajax the Lesser in the Iliad, the commander of the Locrian Forces, quick-footed and often linked with the great Ajax, who serves as a model warrior for the entire Iliad. This Ajax, in the Iliad and Odyssey, is a character hated by Athena and drowned by Poseidon for blasphemy after a shipwreck on his return home. The epic cycle describes him dragging Cassandra from the temple of Minerva; Callimachus adds that he also raped her. Vergil selects and alters these details to have his fleet destroyed and him blasted by a thunderbolt and then impaled on a crag for some unspecified crime of madness. In the scene where Cassandra is dragged from the temple (2.403ff.), Ajax appears but only as one of the crowd of Greek fighters. Alba Longa The town, about 12 miles southeast of Rome, founded by Ascanius when he left Lavinium. The modern city, Castel Gandolfo, is the site of the papal summer residence The last of the Alban kings, Numitor, was the grandfather of Romulus and Remus. The descriptions of the site by Livy and Dionysius stress that the city occupied a long narrow ridge between Mount Alba and a lake, thus earning the epithet of Longa. It is generally agreed that Vergil connects the white sow predicted at Book 3.390 and encountered at Book 8.45 with the name Alba. Albanus An adjective indicating something belonging to Alba Longa. Albula The Tiber River, on whose banks Rome was located. Servius asserts that this was the ancient name of the river, based on its color, which may be based on the amount of sulphur in the water. Albunea The grove is now linked with the modern Zolforato near Lavinium. Servius associated it with the Tiburtine Albunea in Horace's Odes I.7. The link with sulphur mentioned by Vergil accounts for the name in the whiteless of the water and the Italian name. Alburnus Mountain in Lucania in southern Italy on the western coast, mentioned in the Georgics and Vergil's story of the gadfly. Alcander One of four Trojans slain by Turnus in a single line after he has entered the Trojan camp in Book 9. Alcanor The Trojan father of Pandarus and Bitias Alcanor The brother of Maeon, who comes to the aid of his dying brother and also dies by the spear of Aeneas as they try to stop the Trojans returning from Pallanteum. Alcathous A Trojan slain by Caedicus during the rampage of Mezentius. Alcides An adjective indicating a descendant of Alceus, king of Thebes, father of Amphitryon, and grandfather of Hercules; Vergil uses it to indicate Hercules exclusively Alcimedon A craftsman who created the cup proposed by Menalcas; Damoetas has a similar cup by the same man. Alcinous In the Odyssey (Book 7) his gardens are miraculously in bloom and producing fruit throughout the year and thus became proverbial for their wonders. Alcippe The "wife" or live-in mistress who looked after the home of either Corydon or Thyrsis; her name appears in Theocritus also Alcon A shepherd whose name appears only once in the Eclogues. Aletes An older Trojan whose ship is nearly wrecked in the storm of Book 1; when Nisus and Euryalus bring their plan to the Trojan leaders, he is the first to praise their courage and later gives Nisus a helmet, which is unfortunately abandoned for the helmet whose gleam betrays the youth's presence to the Rutulians. Alexis The beloved of Corydon, who laments his loss in Eclogue 2. Allecto The name means "the unceasing one" from the Greek allectos. Roused from her abode in the Underworld by Juno, she casts her snakes into Amata, Latinus' wife, and drives her to flee into the mountains with Lavinia to forestall a marriage with Aeneas; the Fury then visits the sleeping Turnus, who rejects her advice and is then confronted by her full frenzy; lastly, she helps Ascanius, as he hunts in the Latin woods, to wound a deer, the pet of the head-huntsman's daughter, and thus providing the immediate cause for the war with the Latins. She is sent back to the Underworld by Juno before she can wreak any more havoc. Allia On this river, that flowed eleven miles north of Rome into the Tiber through the territory of the Sabines, the Gauls under Brennus defeated Rome on July 18th in 390 B.C.; the day was considered accursed (dies nefastus) still in the lifetime of Vergil. Almo The brother of Silvia, whose deer was wounded by Ascanius, is the first person slain in the fighting that breaks out; he is perhaps named after the Almo, a small stream just south of Rome, in which the priests of Cybele would wash the statue and sacred objects of the temple every year. Aloidae The patronymic indicates the children of the giant Aloeus, Otus and Ephialtes; these two giants piled up two mountains, Ossa on Pelion, and then placed Mt. Olympus on top to make their attack on Jupiter; repelled by Jupiter, they were cast into the depths of Tartarus for their crime. Alpes The mountains in northern Italy, southeastern France, southern Switzerland, and western Austria. Alpinus An adjective that means belonging to the Alps. Alphesiboeus The name of a shepherd mentioned in two eclogues (5 and 8). The name means "producing a good yield of oxen" and is not found in earlier pastoral poetry, although the feminine form of the name does appear as a mythological name in Theocritus, Idyll 3.45. Alpheus A river in sounthern Greece in the province of Elis. The river goes underground in several places, from which arose the story of its passage from Greece to Sicily; the legend was that the eponymous god of the river chased the nymph Arethusa, who was saved by Diana turning her into a fountain; Alpheus pursued her under the sea and mingled his waters with hers in Ortygia, now part of the Sicilian city of Siricusa. Alpheus An adjective meaning belonging to the river, used by Vergil to indicate colonists from the territory of Elis, who settled the area around modern Pisa in Tuscany. Alsus A shepherd killed by Podalirius; neither has been heard of before or since. Amaryllis The name of a female which means "sparkling one." The name is used in Theocritus, and Vergil uses it in several of the Eclogues. Amasenus A small river south east of Rome in the territory of the Volsci; it is the river over which the infant camilla is hurled after being attached to the spear of her father Metabus. Amastrus One of the Trojans slain by Camilla as she displays her valor in Book 11 Amata The wife of Latinus, mother of Lavinia, and, according to Servius, the aunt of Turnus; her name means "the beloved one." She strongly supports the marriage of her daughter to Turnus; after being infected by Allecto's snakes, she takes Lavinia with her to the mountains. Eventually, convinced that Turnus is dead, she hangs herself in her husband's palace. Amathus A major city and cult center for Venus on the southern coast of Cyprus. Amazon A warrior maiden, mentioned often in the Iliad and the epic cycle. The word is of unknown origin, in the ancient world some derived the word from the Greek a-mazos, meaning without a breast. The warriors are described as coming from Thrace, from the area around the river Thermodon. Hippolyte, who fell in love with Theseus when he led an expedition against her peolple, and Penthesileia, who fell in love with Achilles just as she was about to die, are two of the legendary queens of the Amazons. Camilla and, to a lesser extent, Dido are modelled on these heroic figures. Amazonidae The Amazons, female warriors on the side of the Trojans in the Trojan War; their queen was Penthesileia. Amazonius An adjective indicating something belonging to the Amazons. Amerinus An adjective indicating that belonging to America, a wealthy and powerful town in southern Umbria, about forty miles north of Rome (modern Amelia). Aminneus An area of the province of Picenum, on the eastern coast of central Italy; the region was famed for its vineyards Amiternus An ancient city of the Sabines, about 40 miles east of Rome. It was also the birthplace of the historian Sallust (86-35 B.C.) Amor See Cupido. Amphion With his brother Zethus, he walled the city of Thebes, using the power of music through his lyre to charm the stones into their places. He married Niobe, who bore him many children, who perished as a consequence of her pride. The story was told by Sophocles and Euripedes in lost tragedies and is Now in Niobe's story in Ovid's Metamorphoses, Book 6. Amphitryoniades The patronymic indicates a descendant of Amphitryion, and is used by Vergil to mean Hercules. Amphrysus A smll river in Thessaly, on the banks of which Apollo tended the flocks of King Admetus, according to a legend that began in Alexandrian times. Amphrysius An adjective indicating the river Amphrysus, and usually used to indicate something associated with Apollo. Amsanctus A valley with a sulphurous lake about 35 miles east of Naples, in the terriory of the Hirpini. Once considered to be an entrance to the Underworld (umbilicus), the lake still retains its Sulphuric emanations, unlike Lake Avernus. Amyclae A town on the Campanian coast, about 8 miles west of Caieta, said to have been founded by colonists from the Laconian city of the same name, which was the home of Tyndarus and the birthplace of Castor and Pollux. The legend that silence was enjoined upon the people after a series of false alarms and that this silence led to an easy victory for the nearby Spartans who approached unnoticed. Servius refers to this legend and also to another, that the city was abandoned because of swarms of serpents. Amyclaeus An adjective indoicating something from Amyclae near Sparta. Amycus The king who was the founder of the race of Dares; he ruled the territory of Bebrycia, on the eastern shore of the Hellespont. The king challenged all visitors to a boxing match to the death, until finally vanquished by Polydeuces; The sory is told in the Argonautica of Apollonius Rhodius and in Theocritus 22. Amycus Husband of Theano; their child Mimas shared the dubious distinction of having been born during the same night as Paris. The characters of mother and father are otherwise unknown. Amycus A Trojan, whose disappearance in the storm is lamented on the shores of Carthage by Aeneas in Book 1; in Book 12, he and his brother Diores are killed by Turnus just before Aeneas and Turnus begin their final battle. Amycus A Trojan hunter killed by Turnus within the Trojan camp in Book 9. Amyntas A shepherd, whose name comes from Theocritus, who is used by Vergil in the Eclogues in various roles. Amythaonius An adjective indicating something belonging to Amythaon, the father of Melampus. Anagnia An ancient city of latium, about forty miles south of Rome along the Via Latina. Achemolus A Marsian, who fled to Turnus' father Daunus for protection after violating his father Rhoetus' new bride. As an ally of Turnus, he is slain by Pallas. Anchises The Trojan father of Aeneas and a collateral member of the royal family from his grandfather Assaracus. Not mentioned in the Iliad, his relationship with Aphrodite/Venus is detailed in the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite; he is punished for revealing that she was the mother of Aeneas, the child that she bore. Vergil says that he was lamed by a thunderbolt, while Servius says that he was blinded. Carried out of Troy by Aeneas, he accompanies his son until his death in Sicily; Servius says that Anchises actually reached Italy. Aeneas clebrates funeral games in Sicily a year after his father's death in Book 5; in Book 6 Aeneas visits his father in the Elysian Fields in the Underworld, where Anchises explains the cyclical nature of souls and reviews the great men of Rome waiting to arrive in the world above. Anchiseus An adjective indicating something belonging to Anchises. Anchisiades The patronymic indicates the son of Anchises, Aeneas. Vergil appears to use the term when Aeneas is confronted with a particularly ominous or important moment. Ancus The fourth king of Rome. Not much is known of his reign, but he was credited with the conquest of several towns, the institution of fetial procedure for declaring war, the annexing of the Janiculum Hill in the western bank of the Tiber, and the building of both the Marcian Aqueduct (unlikely) and the Sublician Bridge. His story is told in Livy.