Lesson 11
Imperative sentences
Goal: In this lesson you will learn how to make imperative sentences in Gujarati.
Gujarati distinguishes between present imperative and future imperative. Interestingly, in both the types of sentences, it also distinguishes between ‘strong imperative’ and ‘mild imperative.’ The latter could be called ‘request imperative’. Consider the following examples:
1. rma,
4ebl lav.
‘Rama, bring the table.’
2. mIna,
pa8I pa.
‘Mina, give me
water.’
3. tu&
3er ja.
‘You go home.’
4. 2okraAo,
besI jav.
‘Boys, sit down.’
5. nyna,
W-I 9a.
‘Nayna, stand
up.’
6. rma,
4ebl lavne.
‘Rama, please
bring the table.’
7. mIna,
pa8I pane.
‘Mina, please
bring water (for me).’
8. tu&
3er jane.
‘Please, you go
home.’
9. 2okraAo,
besI javne.
‘Children, please
sit down.’
10. nyna,
W-I 9ane.
‘Nayna, please
stand up.’
11. rma,
4ebl lavje.
‘Rama, bring the
table (in future.)’
12. mIna,
pa8I paje.
‘Mina, bring me
water (in future.)’
13. tu&
3er jje.
‘You go home (in
future.)’
14. 2okraAo,
besI jjo.
‘Children, sit
down (in future).’
15. nyna,
W-I 9je.
‘Nayana, stand up
(in future).’
16. rma,
4ebl lavjene.
‘Rama, please
bring the table (in future.)’
17. mIna,
pa8I pajene.
‘Mina, please
bring me water (in future.)’
18. tu&
3er jjene.
‘Please, you go
home (in future.)’
19. 2okraAo,
besI jjone.
‘Children, please
sit down (in future).’
20. nyna,
W-I 9jene.
‘Nayana, please stand up (in future).’
Remember that:
A. In
both the types of forms we drop the infinitive -vu&.
B.
In future imperative, we use je for singular and jo
for plural.
C.
To make the imperative sentence ‘mild’, we use -ne
immediately after the verb.
D.
Following table summarizes these facts:
|
Verb |
Present imperative |
Future
imperative |
||
|
|
Strong |
Mild |
Strong |
Mild |
|
`avu& ‘to eat’ |
`a |
`ane |
`aje |
`ajene |
|
jvu& ‘to go’ |
ja |
jane |
jje |
jjene |