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Next: The Tamil Verb

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• The Tamil Verb Phrase
  • The Verb Stem
  • Imperatives and Infinitives
    • The Imperative.
    • Negative Imperative.
    • Imperative plus Ψ een `why'.
  • Forms of address
    • Use of singular polite.
    • Plural (honorific) Polite Ëõ´(ª) (u)nga(l)
      • Polite (honorific) plural.
    • Honorific Ëõ´(ª) (u)nga(l)
      • Other uses.
    • Singular Non-Polite.
      • Singular informal non-polite.
    • Hortative ÁÔ£ laam `let's (verb)', `shall we (verb)?'
      • Hortative.
    • Other address forms.
      • (Ç)¹Ô and (Ç)Ý (non-polite).
      • (Ç)¹Ô with female child.
      • Use of (Ç)¹Ô and (Ç)Ý with non-kin.
      • Ç)¤½Ô `father, older man' appaa and (Ç)£¾Ô ammaa `mother, older woman' (polite).
      • Imperative honorifics.
      • (Ç)²¿Ô and (Ç)£¾Ô (polite).
      • (Ç)²¿Ô (masculine) and (Ç)£¾Ô (feminine).
      • ÇýºÔ«¶Õ, annaacci, ÇýºÔ annaa; Ç¡´Ô akkaa; »£½Õ tampi.
  • Finite Verbs
    • `Strong verbs' characterized by tense markers ¡Þ±/¢¢/¤¤.
    • `Weak' verbs, with tense markers ˱/ɨ/ Â
    • Graul's Class II: Weak present/future, ÿ¢ past.
    • Verbs with weak present and future but past with doubled retroflex consonant
    • Verbs of the problematical class V.
      • The Verb: Person-Number-Gender Agreement.
      • ÂÔ vaa `come'.
      • Ø½Ô poo `go'.
  • Transitivity and Verb Classes.
    • Classification of the Tamil Verb.
      • Graul's Verb classes.
    • Transitivity.
      • Dative Subjects
  • Examples of Paradigms of various typical verbs.
    • Examples of Strong Verbs (Graul's class VII)
      • ½Ôç `see': Inf.: ½Ô¡´ AVP ½Ô¢â `having seen'
      • Éç `be located': Inf.: Éç¡´ AVP: Éçÿâ `having been'
      • ¶Ô¤½Õà saappidu `eat' Inf.: ¶Ô¤½Õ¹ saappida AVP: ¶Ô¤½Õ¥à saappittu `having eaten'
      • ÂÔõÞ `buy' Infinitive: ÂÔõ´ AVP: ÂÔõ´Õ vaangi `having bought'
      • Âÿ»Õà vandidu `definitely come' Inf.: Âÿ»Õ¹ AVP:Âÿ»Õ¥à vandittu `having definitely come'
      • ½Ü padi `study' Inf.: ½Ü¡´ padikka, AVP: ½Ü«ß padiccu `having studied'
      • Neuters
      • Neuter Past.
      • Use of «¶Õ cci with Class III verbs.
    • Neuter Future.
      • The Infinitive
      • Of strong verbs.
      • Other verbs.
      • Exceptions.
  • Transitivity, causation and verb classes
    • Phonological correlates of transitive/intransitive distinction.
    • Strong/weak versus transitive/intransitive.
      • Exceptions.
    • Other patterns distinguishing transitive/intransitive.
      • Stems with NC versus CC.
      • Pairs with doubled stem-final consonant in the causative.
      • Pairs with an added suffix, usually ÂÕ or ¤½Õ.
      • Derived causatives.
  • Modal auxiliaries
    • Homonymy with lexical verbs.
    • Use of aspect marker ÈÞ aahu with modal ᣠdum
    • Verbal Aspect Markers
  • Verbal Aspect
    • Aspect and commentary
    • Where do aspectual verbs come from?
      • Syntax of aspectual verbs
  • Aspect and Markedness.
  • Primarily aspectual verbs.
    • Inventory of Aspect Markers.
      • Morphophonemics of aspectual verbs
    • Primarily Aspectual Verbs
      • ÂÕà (v)idu `completive'.
      • vayyi `future utility'.
      • More about ÙÂ¿Õ vayyi `future utility.'
      • Éç iru
      • ÈÞ aahu `expected result; finality'.
      • ÈÞ aahu `expected result.'
      • ؽÔà poodu `malicious intent.'
      • ÂÔ vaa `iterative; connected continuity'.
      • Ø½Ô poo `change of state'.
    • Primarily attitudinal aspectual verbs.
      • »ªë tallu `distributive', `riddance', `exdeixis'
      • ×»Ô×Á tole impatience, disgust.
    • The aspectual verb Ø´Ô koo.
      • Aspectual distinctions
      • Self-affective or self-benefactive action.
      • Simultaneity.
      • Durative or Continuative Action.
      • Inchoative and Punctual notions.
    • ؽÔà poodu `malicious intent'.
    • Lexical problems.
    • Pragmatic Considerations.
    • Grammaticalization
  • Negatives
  • Defective verb forms
    • Dative-Statives.
    • Syntax of Dative-Stative Verbs.
    • Modality and Dative-State verbs.
    • Complex Morphology and Dative-Statives:
  • Verbalizers and Compound Verbs
    • Transitive Absolutes
    • Common Verbalizers
    • ½ýá pannu `make, do'.
    • ÇÜ adi `pejorative action.'
    • Íà edu `inchoative'.
    • ½à padu `experience emotions' and `passive'
      • ½à padu `experience emotions'
    • ½à padu with other verbs: `passive'
    • ½ÕÜ pidi `increase, augment'.
    • ׶ԧè sollu as a performative verb.
• About this document ...

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Harold F. Schiffman
Sat Nov 2 21:16:08 EST 1996